/Users/andrea/_magisterarbeit/korpus/clean/testkorpus/11/file2.html NN ----------------------------------------- : 1950 CD s NN 1960 CD s PP 1970 JJ s PP 1980 RB s VVZ 1990 CD s NN 2000 CD s PP Growth NP FAQ NP Sources NNS Hobbes NP Internet NP Timeline NN v NN 8 CD . SENT 1 CD by IN Robert NP H'obbes NP Zakon NP Zakon NP Group NP LLC NP Hobbes NP Internet NP Timeline NN Copyright NN c SYM 1993 CD 2005 CD by IN Robert NP H NP Zakon NP . SENT Permission NN is VBZ granted VVN for IN use NN of IN this DT document NN in IN whole JJ or CC in IN part NN for IN non JJ commercial JJ purposes NNS as RB long RB as IN this DT Copyright NN notice NN and CC a DT link NN to TO this DT document NN , , at IN the DT archive NP listed VVN at IN the DT end NN , , is VBZ included VVN . SENT A DT copy NN of IN the DT material NN the DT Timeline NN appears VVZ in IN is VBZ requested VVN . SENT For IN commercial JJ uses NNS , , please VV contact VV the DT author NN first RB . SENT Links NNS to TO this DT document NN are VBP welcome JJ after IN e NN mailing VVG the DT author NN with IN the DT document NN URL NN where WRB the DT link NN will MD appear VV . SENT As IN the DT Timeline NN is VBZ frequently RB updated VVN , , copies NNS to TO other JJ locations NNS on IN the DT Internet NN are VBP not RB permitted VVN . SENT If IN you PP enjoy VVP the DT Timeline NN or CC make VV use NN of IN it PP in IN some DT way NN , , please VV consider VV a DT contribution NN . SENT 1950 CD s NN 1957 CD USSR NN launches NNS Sputnik NN , , first JJ artificial JJ earth NN satellite NN . SENT In IN response NN , , US PP forms VVZ the DT Advanced NP Research NP Projects NPS Agency NP ARPA NP , , the DT following VVG year NN , , within IN the DT Department NP of IN Defense NP DoD NP to TO establish VV US PP lead VV in IN science NN and CC technology NN applicable JJ to TO the DT military NN . SENT amk NN . SENT 1960 CD s NN 1961 CD Leonard NP Kleinrock NP , , MIT NP . SENT Information NP Flow NP in IN Large JJ Communication NP Nets NNS May NP 31 CD First NP paper NN on IN packet NN switching VVG PS NP theory NN 1962 CD J NP . SENT C SYM . SENT R SYM . SENT Licklider NP W NP . SENT Clark NP , , MIT NP . SENT On IN Line NP Man NP Computer NP Communication NP August NP Galactic JJ Network NP concept NN encompassing VVG distributed VVN social JJ interactions NNS 1964 CD Paul NP Baran NP , , RAND NN . SENT On IN Distributed NP Communications NPS Networks NP Packet NN switching VVG networks NNS . SENT no DT single JJ outage NN point NN 1965 CD ARPA NP sponsors NNS study NN on IN cooperative JJ network NN of IN time NN sharing VVG computers NNS TX NP 2 CD at IN MIT NP Lincoln NP Lab NP and CC AN DT FSQ NP 32 CD at IN System NP Development NP Corporation NP Santa NP Monica NP , , CA MD are NN directly RB linked VVN without IN packet NN switches NNS via IN a DT dedicated JJ 1200 CD bps NNS phone NN line NN . SENT Digital NP Equipment NP Corporation NP DEC NP computer NN at IN ARPA NP later RBR added VVD to TO form VV The DT Experimental JJ Network NP 1966 CD Lawrence NP G NP . SENT Roberts NP , , MIT NP . SENT Towards IN a DT Cooperative JJ Network NN of IN Time NP Shared VVD Computers NP October NP First NP ARPANET NP plan NN 1967 CD ARPANET NP design NN discussions NNS held VVN by IN Larry NP Roberts NP at IN ARPA NP IPTO NP PI NN meeting NN in IN Ann NP Arbor NP , , Michigan NP April NP ACM NP Symposium NN on IN Operating NP Systems NPS Principles NNS in IN Gatlinburg NP , , Tennessee NP October NP First NP design NN paper NN on IN ARPANET NP published VVN by IN Larry NP Roberts NP . SENT Multiple JJ Computer NP Networks NPS and CC Intercomputer NP Communication NP First NP meeting NN of IN the DT three CD independent JJ packet NN network NN teams NNS RAND NN , , NPL NP , , ARPA NP National NP Physical NP Laboratory NP NPL NP in IN Middlesex NP , , England NP develops VVZ NPL NP Data NP Network NP under IN Donald NP Watts NP Davies NP who WP coins NNS the DT term NN packet NN . SENT The DT NPL NP network NN , , an DT experiment NN in IN packet NN switching NN , , used VVD 768 CD kbps NN lines NNS 1968 CD PS NP network NN presented VVD to TO the DT Advanced NP Research NP Projects NPS Agency NP ARPA NP Request NN for IN quotation NN for IN ARPANET NP 29 CD Jul NN sent VVD out RP in IN August NP . SENT responses NNS received VVD in IN September NP University NP of IN California NP Los NP Angeles NP UCLA NP awarded VVD Network NP Measurement NN Center NP contract NN in IN October NP Bolt NP Beranek NP and CC Newman NP , , Inc NP . SENT BBN NP awarded VVD Packet NN Switch NN contract NN to TO build VV Interface NP Message NP Processors NNS IMPs VVZ US NP Senator NP Edward NP Kennedy NP sends VVZ a DT congratulatory JJ telegram NN to TO BBN NP for IN its PP$ million CD dollar NN ARPA NP contract NN to TO build VV the DT Interfaith NP Message NP Processor NN , , and CC thanking VVG them PP for IN their PP$ ecumenical JJ efforts NNS Network NP Working NP Group NP NWG NP , , headed VVN by IN Steve NP Crocker NP , , loosely RB organized VVN to TO develop VV host NN level NN protocols NNS for IN communication NN over IN the DT ARPANET NP . SENT . SENT vgc NN . SENT Tymnet NP built VVD as IN part NN of IN Tymshare NP service NN . SENT vgc NN . SENT 1969 CD ARPANET NP commissioned VVN by IN DoD NP for IN research NN into IN networking NN Nodes NNS are VBP stood VVN up RP as IN BBN NP builds VVZ each DT IMP NN Honeywell NP DDP NP 516 CD mini NN computer NN with IN 12 CD K NN of IN memory NN . SENT AT IN T NN provides VVZ 50 CD kbps NNS lines NNS Node NP 1 CD . SENT UCLA NP 30 NP August NP , , hooked VVD up RP 2 CD September NP Function NN . SENT Network NN Measurement NN Center NP System NP , , OS NN . SENT SDS NP SIGMA NN 7 CD , , SEX NN Diagram NN of IN the DT first JJ host NN to TO IMP VV connection NN Node NP 2 CD . SENT Stanford NP Research NP Institute NP SRI NN 1 CD October NP Network NP Information NP Center NP NIC NP SDS NP 940 CD Genie NP Doug NP Engelbart's NP project NN on IN Augmentation NN of IN Human NP Intellect NN Node NP 3 CD . SENT University NP of IN California NP Santa NP Barbara NP UCSB NP 1 CD November NP Culler NP Fried NP Interactive NP Mathematics NN IBM NP 360 CD 75 CD , , OS NN MVT NP Node NP 4 CD . SENT University NP of IN Utah NP December NP Graphics NPS DEC NP PDP NP 10 CD , , Tenex NP Diagram NN of IN the DT 4 CD node NN ARPAnet NP First NP Request NN for IN Comment NP RFC NP . SENT Host NP Software NP by IN Steve NP Crocker NP 7 CD April NP RFC NP 4 CD . SENT Network NN Timetable NN First JJ packets NNS sent VVN by IN Charley NP Kline NP at IN UCLA NP as IN he PP tried VVD logging VVG into IN SRI NN . SENT The DT first JJ attempt NN resulted VVN in IN the DT system NN crashing VVG as IN the DT letter NN G NP of IN LOGIN NP was VBD entered VVN . SENT October NP 29 CD Log NN entry NN Univ NP of IN Michigan NP , , Michigan NP State NP and CC Wayne NP State NP Univ NP establish VV X NP . SENT 25 CD based VVN Merit NN network NN for IN students NNS , , faculty NN , , alumni NNS . SENT sw NP 1 CD . SENT 1970 CD s PP 1970 JJ First JJ publication NN of IN the DT original JJ ARPANET NP Host NP Host NP protocol NN . SENT C LS . SENT S NP . SENT Carr NP , , S NP . SENT Crocker NP , , V NN . SENT G NP . SENT Cerf NP , , HOST NN HOST NN Communication NP Protocol NP in IN the DT ARPA NP Network NP , , in IN AFIPS NNS Proceedings NNS of IN SJCC NP . SENT vgc NN . SENT First JJ report NN on IN ARPANET NP at IN AFIPS NNS . SENT Computer NP Network NP Development NP to TO Achieve VV Resource NP Sharing NN March NP ALOHAnet NP , , the DT first JJ packet NN radio NN network NN , , developed VVN by IN Norman NP Abramson NP , , Univ NP of IN Hawaii NP , , becomes VVZ operational JJ July NP . SENT sk NNS 2 CD . SENT connected VVN to TO the DT ARPANET NP in IN 1972 CD ARPANET NP hosts NNS start VVP using VVG Network NP Control NP Protocol NP NCP NP , , first JJ host NN to TO host VV protocol NN First JJ cross NN country NN link NN installed VVN by IN AT IN T NN between IN UCLA NP and CC BBN NP at IN 56 CD kbps NNS . SENT This DT line NN is VBZ later RBR replaced VVN by IN another DT between IN BBN NP and CC RAND NNS . SENT A DT second JJ line NN is VBZ added VVN between IN MIT NP and CC Utah NP 1971 CD 15 CD nodes NNS 23 CD hosts NNS . SENT UCLA NP , , SRI NN , , UCSB NP , , Univ NP of IN Utah NP , , BBN NP , , MIT NP , , RAND NN , , SDC NP , , Harvard NP , , Lincoln NP Lab NP , , Stanford NP , , UIU NP C NP , , CWRU NP , , CMU NP , , NASA NP Ames NP BBN NP starts VVZ building NN IMPs NNS using VVG the DT cheaper JJR Honeywell NP 316 CD . SENT IMPs NNS however RB are VBP limited VVN to TO 4 CD host NN connections NNS , , and CC so RB BBN NP develops VVZ a DT terminal JJ IMP NN TIP NN that WDT supports VVZ up RP to TO 64 CD terminals NNS September NP Ray NP Tomlinson NP of IN BBN NP invents VVZ email NP program NN to TO send VV messages NNS across IN a DT distributed VVN network NN . SENT The DT original JJ program NN was VBD derived VVN from IN two CD others NNS . SENT an DT intra NN machine NN email NP program NN SENDMSG NP and CC an DT experimental JJ file NN transfer NN program NN CPYNET NP . SENT amk NN . SENT irh NN . SENT Project NP Gutenberg NP is VBZ started VVN by IN Michael NP Hart NP with IN the DT purpose NN of IN making VVG copyright JJ free JJ works NNS , , including VVG books NNS , , electronically RB available JJ . SENT The DT first JJ text NN is VBZ the DT US NP Declaration NP of IN Independence NP . SENT dhr NN , , msh NP . SENT 1972 CD Ray NP Tomlinson NP BBN NP modifies VVZ email NP program NN for IN ARPANET NP where WRB it PP becomes VVZ a DT quick JJ hit NN . SENT The DT sign NN was VBD chosen VVN from IN the DT punctuation NN keys NNS on IN Tomlinson's NP Model NP 33 CD Teletype VV for IN its PP$ at NN meaning VVG March NP Larry NP Roberts NP writes VVZ first JJ email NP management NN program NN RD NP to TO list VV , , selectively RB read VVN , , file VV , , forward RB , , and CC respond VV to TO messages NNS July NP International NP Conference NP on IN Computer NP Communications NPS ICCC NP at IN the DT Washington NP D NP . SENT C SYM . SENT Hilton NP with IN demonstration NN of IN ARPANET NP between IN 40 CD machines NNS and CC the DT Terminal JJ Interface NP Processor NN TIP NN organized VVN by IN Bob NP Kahn NP . SENT October NP First NP computer NN to TO computer NN chat NN takes VVZ place NN at IN UCLA NP , , and CC is VBZ repeated VVN during IN ICCC NP , , as IN psychotic JJ PARRY NN at IN Stanford NP discusses VVZ its PP$ problems NNS with IN the DT Doctor NP at IN BBN NP . SENT International NP Network NP Working NP Group NP INWG NP formed VVD in IN October NP as IN a DT result NN of IN a DT meeting NN at IN ICCC NP identifying VVG the DT need NN for IN a DT combined JJ effort NN in IN advancing VVG networking NN technologies NNS . SENT Vint NP Cerf NP appointed VVD first JJ Chair NN . SENT By IN 1974 CD , , INWG NP became VVD IFIP NP WG NP 6 CD . SENT 1 CD . SENT vgc NN . SENT Louis NP Pouzin NP leads VVZ the DT French JJ effort NN to TO build VV its PP$ own JJ ARPANET NP CYCLADES NP RFC NP 318 CD . SENT Telnet NP specification NN 1973 CD First NP international JJ connections NNS to TO the DT ARPANET NP . SENT University NP College NP of IN London NP England NP via IN NORSAR NP Norway NP Bob NP Metcalfe's NP Harvard NP PhD NP Thesis NN outlines VVZ idea NN for IN Ethernet NP . SENT The DT concept NN was VBD tested VVN on IN Xerox NP PARC's NP Alto NP computers NNS , , and CC the DT first JJ Ethernet NP network NN called VVD the DT Alto NP Aloha NN System NP May NP . SENT amk NN . SENT Bob NP Kahn NP poses VVZ Internet NN problem NN , , starts VVZ Internetting VVG research NN program NN at IN ARPA NP . SENT Vinton NP Cerf NP sketches VVZ gateway NN architecture NN in IN March NP on IN back RB of IN envelope NN in IN a DT San NP Francisco NP hotel NN lobby NN . SENT vgc NN . SENT Cerf NP and CC Kahn NP present JJ basic JJ Internet NN ideas NNS at IN INWG NP in IN September NP at IN Univ NP of IN Sussex NP , , Brighton NP , , UK NP . SENT vgc NN . SENT RFC NP 454 CD . SENT File NN Transfer NN specification NN Network NP Voice NP Protocol NP NVP NP specification NN RFC NP 741 CD and CC implementation NN enabling VVG conference NN calls NNS over IN ARPAnet NP . SENT . SENT bb NP 1 CD . SENT SRI NN NIC NP begins VVZ publishing VVG ARPANET NP News NP in IN March NP . SENT number NN of IN ARPANET NP users NNS estimated VVN at IN 2 CD , , 000 CD ARPA NP study NN shows VVZ email NP composing VVG 75 CD of IN all DT ARPANET NP traffic NN Christmas NP Day NP Lockup NN Harvard NP IMP NN hardware NN problem NN leads VVZ it PP to TO broadcast VV zero CD length NN hops VVZ to TO any DT ARPANET NP destination NN , , causing VVG all DT other JJ IMPs NNS to TO send VV their PP$ traffic NN to TO Harvard NP 25 CD December NP RFC NP 527 CD . SENT ARPAWOCKY NP RFC NP 602 CD . SENT The DT Stockings NNS Were VBD Hung NP by IN the DT Chimney NN with IN Care NP 1974 CD Vint NP Cerf NP and CC Bob NP Kahn NP publish VV A DT Protocol NP for IN Packet NN Network NN Interconnection NN which WDT specified VVD in IN detail NN the DT design NN of IN a DT Transmission NP Control NP Program NN TCP NN . SENT IEEE NP Trans NP Comm NP . SENT amk NN . SENT BBN NP opens VVZ Telenet NP , , the DT first JJ public JJ packet NN data NNS service VV a DT commercial JJ version NN of IN ARPANET NP . SENT sk NNS 2 CD . SENT 1975 CD Operational JJ management NN of IN Internet NN transferred VVN to TO DCA NP now RB DISA NP First NP ARPANET NP mailing NN list NN , , MsgGroup NP , , is VBZ created VVN by IN Steve NP Walker NP . SENT Einar NP Stefferud NP soon RB took VVD over RP as IN moderator NN as IN the DT list NN was VBD not RB automated VVN at IN first JJ . SENT A DT science NN fiction NN list NN , , SF NP Lovers NNS , , was VBD to TO become VV the DT most RBS popular JJ unofficial JJ list NN in IN the DT early JJ days NNS John NP Vittal NP develops VVZ MSG NP , , the DT first JJ all DT inclusive JJ email NP program NN providing VVG replying VVG , , forwarding NN , , and CC filing NN capabilities NNS . SENT Satellite NN links NNS cross VVP two CD oceans NNS to TO Hawaii NP and CC UK NP as IN the DT first JJ TCP NN tests NNS are VBP run VVN over IN them PP by IN Stanford NP , , BBN NP , , and CC UCL NP Jargon NN File NP , , by IN Raphael NP Finkel NP at IN SAIL NN , , first RB released VVN . SENT esr NN . SENT Shockwave NN Rider NP by IN John NP Brunner NP . SENT pds NNS . SENT 1976 CD Elizabeth NP II NP , , Queen NP of IN the DT United NP Kingdom NP sends VVZ out IN an DT email NP on IN 26 CD March NP from IN the DT Royal NP Signals NNS and CC Radar NP Establishment NN RSRE NP in IN Malvern NP UUCP NP Unix NP to TO Unix NP CoPy NN developed VVD at IN AT IN T NN Bell NP Labs NP and CC distributed VVN with IN UNIX NP one CD year NN later RBR . SENT Multiprocessing NP Pluribus NP IMPs NNS are VBP deployed VVN 1977 CD THEORYNET NN created VVN by IN Larry NP Landweber NP at IN Univ NP of IN Wisconsin NP providing VVG electronic JJ mail NN to TO over IN 100 CD researchers NNS in IN computer NN science NN using VVG a DT locally RB developed VVN email NP system NN over IN TELENET NP RFC NP 733 CD . SENT Mail NN specification NN Tymshare NP spins VVZ out IN Tymnet NP under IN pressure NN from IN TELENET NP . SENT Both CC go VV on IN to TO develop VV X NP . SENT 25 CD protocol NN standard NN for IN virtual JJ circuit NN style NN packet NN switching NN . SENT vgc NN . SENT First JJ demonstration NN of IN ARPANET NP SF NP Bay NP Packet NN Radio NP Net NP Atlantic NP SATNET NP operation NN of IN Internet NN protocols NNS with IN BBN NP supplied VVD gateways NNS in IN July NP . SENT vgc NN . SENT 1978 CD TCP NN split NN into IN TCP NN and CC IP NP March NP RFC NP 748 CD . SENT TELNET NP RANDOMLY RB LOSE VVP Option NP 1979 CD Meeting VVG between IN Univ NP of IN Wisconsin NP , , DARPA NP , , National NP Science NP Foundation NP NSF NP , , and CC computer NN scientists NNS from IN many JJ universities NNS to TO establish VV a DT Computer NP Science NP Department NP research NN computer NN network NN organized VVN by IN Larry NP Landweber NP . SENT USENET NP established VVD using VVG UUCP NP between IN Duke NP and CC UNC NP by IN Tom NP Truscott NP , , Jim NP Ellis NP , , and CC Steve NP Bellovin NP . SENT All DT original JJ groups NNS were VBD under IN net NN . SENT hierarchy NN . SENT First JJ MUD NN , , MUD NN 1 CD , , by IN Richard NP Bartle NP and CC Roy NP Trubshaw NP at IN U NP of IN Essex NP ARPA NP establishes VVZ the DT Internet NN Configuration NN Control NP Board NP ICCB NP Packet NN Radio NP Network NP PRNET NP experiment NN starts VVZ with IN DARPA NP funding NN . SENT Most JJS communications NNS take VVP place NN between IN mobile JJ vans NNS . SENT ARPANET NP connection NN via IN SRI NN . SENT On IN April NP 12 CD , , Kevin NP MacKenzie NP emails VVZ the DT MsgGroup NN a DT suggestion NN of IN adding VVG some DT emotion NN back RB into IN the DT dry JJ text NN medium NN of IN email NP , , such JJ as IN for IN indicating VVG a DT sentence NN was VBD tongue NN in IN cheek NN . SENT Though NP flamed VVD by IN many JJ at IN the DT time NN , , emoticons NNS became VVD widely RB used VVN after IN Scott NP Fahlman NP suggested VVD the DT use NN of IN . SENT and NP . SENT in IN a DT CMU NP BBS NP on IN 19 CD September NP 1982 CD 1980 CD s PP 1980 NP ARPANET NP grinds VVZ to TO a DT complete JJ halt NN on IN 27 CD October NP because IN of IN an DT accidentally RB propagated VVN status NN message NN virus NN First NP C NP 30 CD based VVN IMP NN at IN BBN NP 1981 CD BITNET NP , , the DT Because IN It's NP Time NP NETwork NN Started VVD as IN a DT cooperative JJ network NN at IN the DT City NP University NP of IN New NP York NP , , with IN the DT first JJ connection NN to TO Yale NP . SENT feg NN . SENT Original JJ acronym NN stood VVD for IN There EX instead RB of IN Time NN in IN reference NN to TO the DT free JJ NJE NP protocols NNS provided VVD with IN the DT IBM NP systems NNS Provides VVZ electronic JJ mail NN and CC listserv NN servers NNS to TO distribute VV information NN , , as RB well RB as IN file NN transfers VVZ CSNET NP Computer NP Science NP NETwork NN built VVN by IN a DT collaboration NN of IN computer NN scientists NNS and CC Univ NP of IN Delaware NP , , Purdue NP Univ NP , , Univ NP of IN Wisconsin NP , , RAND NN Corporation NP and CC BBN NP through IN seed NN money NN granted VVN by IN NSF NP to TO provide VV networking NN services NNS especially RB email NP to TO university NN scientists NNS with IN no DT access NN to TO ARPANET NP . SENT CSNET NP later RBR becomes VVZ known VVN as IN the DT Computer NP and CC Science NP Network NP . SENT . SENT amk NN , , lhl NP . SENT C SYM 30 CD IMPs NNS predominate VV the DT network NN . SENT first JJ C NP 30 CD TIP NN at IN SAC NN Minitel NP Teletel NP is VBZ deployed VVN across IN France NP by IN France NP Telecom NP . SENT True JJ Names NNS by IN Vernor NP Vinge NP . SENT pds NNS . SENT RFC NP 801 CD . SENT NCP NP TCP NN Transition NN Plan NP 1982 CD Norway NP leaves NNS network NN to TO become VV an DT Internet NN connection NN via IN TCP NN IP NP over IN SATNET NP . SENT UCL NP does VVZ the DT same JJ DCA NP and CC ARPA NP establish VV the DT Transmission NP Control NP Protocol NP TCP NN and CC Internet NP Protocol NP IP NP , , as IN the DT protocol NN suite NN , , commonly RB known VVN as IN TCP NN IP NP , , for IN ARPANET NP . SENT . SENT vgc NN . SENT This DT leads VVZ to TO one CD of IN the DT first JJ definitions NNS of IN an DT internet NN as IN a DT connected JJ set NN of IN networks NNS , , specifically RB those DT using VVG TCP NN IP NP , , and CC Internet NN as IN connected JJ TCP NN IP NP internets NNS . SENT DoD NP declares VVZ TCP NN IP NP suite NN to TO be VB standard JJ for IN DoD NP . SENT vgc NN . SENT EUnet NP European NP UNIX NP Network NP is VBZ created VVN by IN EUUG NP to TO provide VV email NP and CC USENET NP services NNS . SENT . SENT glg NN . SENT original JJ connections NNS between IN the DT Netherlands NP , , Denmark NP , , Sweden NP , , and CC UK NP Exterior NP Gateway NP Protocol NP RFC NP 827 CD specification NN . SENT EGP NP is VBZ used VVN for IN gateways NNS between IN networks NNS . SENT 1983 CD Name NN server NN developed VVN at IN Univ NP of IN Wisconsin NP , , no DT longer RBR requiring VVG users NNS to TO know VV the DT exact JJ path NN to TO other JJ systems NNS Cutover NP from IN NCP NP to TO TCP NN IP NP 1 CD January NP No DT more JJR Honeywell NP or CC Pluribus NP IMPs VVZ . SENT TIPs NNS replaced VVN by IN TACs NP terminal NN access NN controller NN Stuttgart NP and CC Korea NP get VVP connected JJ Movement NN Information NP Net NP MINET NP started VVD early RB in IN the DT year NN in IN Europe NP , , connected VVN to TO Internet NP in IN Sept NP CSNET NP ARPANET NP gateway NN put VVD in IN place NN ARPANET NP split NN into IN ARPANET NP and CC MILNET NP . SENT the DT latter NN became VVD integrated VVN with IN the DT Defense NP Data NP Network NP created VVD the DT previous JJ year NN . SENT 68 CD of IN the DT 113 CD existing JJ nodes NNS went VVD to TO MILNET NP Desktop NP workstations NNS come VVP into IN being NN , , many JJ with IN Berkeley NP UNIX NP 4 CD . SENT 2 CD BSD NP which WDT includes VVZ IP NP networking NN software NN . SENT mpc NN . SENT Networking NN needs NNS switch VVP from IN having VHG a DT single JJ , , large JJ time NN sharing NN computer NN connected VVN to TO the DT Internet NN at IN each DT site NN , , to TO instead RB connecting VVG entire JJ local JJ networks NNS Internet NN Activities NNS Board NP IAB NP established VVD , , replacing VVG ICCB NP EARN VV European NP Academic NP and CC Research NP Network NP established VVD . SENT Very RB similar JJ to TO the DT way NN BITNET NN works VVZ with IN a DT gateway NN funded VVN by IN IBM NP Europe NP FidoNet NP developed VVD by IN Tom NP Jennings NP 1984 CD Domain NN Name NN System NP DNS NP introduced VVD Number NP of IN hosts NNS breaks VVZ 1 CD , , 000 CD JUNET NP Japan NP Unix NP Network NP established VVD using VVG UUCP NP JANET NP Joint NP Academic NP Network NP established VVD in IN the DT UK NP using VVG the DT Coloured JJ Book NN protocols NNS . SENT previously RB SERCnet NP Moderated VVN newsgroups NNS introduced VVN on IN USENET NP mod NN . SENT Neuromancer JJR by IN William NP Gibson NP Canada NP begins VVZ a DT one CD year NN effort NN to TO network VV its PP$ universities NNS . SENT The DT NetNorth NP Network NP is VBZ connected VVN to TO BITNET NP in IN Ithaca NP from IN Toronto NP . SENT kf NN 1 CD . SENT Kremvax NN message NN announcing VVG USSR NN connectivity NN to TO USENET NP 1985 CD Whole JJ Earth NP Lectronic NP Link NN WELL RB started VVD Information NP Sciences NPS Institute NP ISI NP at IN USC NP is VBZ given VVN responsibility NN for IN DNS NP root NN management NN by IN DCA NP , , and CC SRI NN for IN DNS NP NIC NP registrations NNS Symbolics NP . SENT com NN is VBZ assigned VVN on IN 15 CD March NP to TO become VV the DT first JJ registered JJ domain NN . SENT Other JJ firsts NNS . SENT cmu NN . SENT edu NP , , purdue NP . SENT edu NP , , rice NN . SENT edu NP , , berkeley NP . SENT edu NP , , ucla NP . SENT edu NP , , rutgers NP . SENT edu NP , , bbn NP . SENT com NN 24 CD Apr NN . SENT mit NP . SENT edu NP 23 NP May NP . SENT think VV . SENT com NN 24 CD may MD . SENT css NN . SENT gov NP June NP . SENT mitre NN . SENT org NP , , . SENT uk NP July NP 100 CD years NNS to TO the DT day NN of IN the DT last JJ spike NN being VBG driven VVN on IN the DT cross NN Canada NP railroad NN , , the DT last JJ Canadian JJ university NN is VBZ connected VVN to TO NetNorth NP in IN a DT one CD year NN effort NN to TO have VH coast NN to TO coast NN connectivity NN . SENT . SENT kf NN 1 CD . SENT RFC NP 968 CD . SENT Twas NP the DT Night NP Before IN Start NP up IN 1986 CD NSFNET NP created VVN backbone NN speed NN of IN 56 CD Kbps NP NSF NP establishes VVZ 5 CD super JJ computing NN centers NNS to TO provide VV high JJ computing NN power NN for IN all DT JVNC NP Princeton NP , , PSC NP Pittsburgh NP , , SDSC NP UCSD NP , , NCSA NP UIUC NP , , Theory NN Center NP Cornell NP . SENT This DT allows VVZ an DT explosion NN of IN connections NNS , , especially RB from IN universities NNS . SENT NSF NP funded VVD SDSCNET NP , , JVNCNET NP , , SURANET NP , , and CC NYSERNET NP operational JJ . SENT sw NP 1 CD . SENT Internet NP Engineering NP Task NP Force NP IETF NP and CC Internet NP Research NP Task NP Force NP IRTF NP comes VVZ into IN existence NN under IN the DT IAB NP . SENT First NP IETF NP meeting NN held VVN in IN January NP at IN Linkabit NP in IN San NP Diego NP The DT first JJ Freenet NP Cleveland NP comes VVZ on IN line NN 16 CD July NP under IN the DT auspices NNS of IN the DT Society NP for IN Public NP Access NP Computing NP SoPAC NP . SENT Later RBR Freenet JJ program NN management NN assumed VVN by IN the DT National NP Public NP Telecomputing NP Network NP NPTN NP in IN 1989 CD . SENT sk NNS 2 CD , , rab NP . SENT Network NP News NP Transfer NN Protocol NP NNTP NP designed VVD to TO enhance VV Usenet NP news NN performance NN over IN TCP NN IP NP . SENT Mail NN Exchanger NN MX NP records NNS developed VVN by IN Craig NP Partridge NP allow VVP non JJ IP NP network NN hosts VVZ to TO have VH domain NN addresses NNS . SENT The DT great JJ USENET NP name NN change NN . SENT moderated VVN newsgroups NNS changed VVN in IN 1987 CD . SENT BARRNET NP Bay NP Area NP Regional NP Research NP Network NP established VVD using VVG high JJ speed NN links NNS . SENT Operational JJ in IN 1987 CD . SENT New NP England NP gets VVZ cut VV off RP from IN the DT Net NN as IN AT IN T NN suffers VVZ a DT fiber NN optics NN cable NN break NN between IN Newark NP NJ NP and CC White NP Plains NPS NY NP . SENT Yes UH , , all DT seven CD New NP England NP ARPANET NP trunk NN lines NNS were VBD in IN the DT one CD severed VVN cable NN . SENT Outage NN took VVD place NN between IN 1 CD . SENT 11 CD and CC 12 CD . SENT 11 CD EST NN on IN 12 CD December NP . SENT fi NP is VBZ registered VVN by IN members NNS of IN the DT Finnish JJ Unix NP User NP Group NP FUUG NP in IN Tampere NP 12 CD Dec NP 1987 CD NSF NN signs NNS a DT cooperative JJ agreement NN to TO manage VV the DT NSFNET NP backbone NN with IN Merit NN Network NP , , Inc NP . SENT IBM NP and CC MCI NP involvement NN was VBD through IN an DT agreement NN with IN Merit NN . SENT Merit NN , , IBM NP , , and CC MCI NP later RBR founded VVD ANS NP . SENT UUNET NP is VBZ founded VVN with IN Usenix NP funds NNS to TO provide VV commercial JJ UUCP NP and CC Usenet NP access NN . SENT Originally RB an DT experiment NN by IN Rick NP Adams NP and CC Mike NP O'Dell NP First NP TCP NN IP NP Interoperability NP Conference NP March NP , , name NN changed VVD in IN 1988 CD to TO INTEROP NP Email NP link NN established VVN between IN Germany NP and CC China NP using VVG CSNET NP protocols NNS , , with IN the DT first JJ message NN from IN China NP sent VVD on IN 20 CD September NP . SENT . SENT wz NP 1 CD . SENT The DT concept NN and CC plan NN for IN a DT national JJ US NP research NN and CC education NN network NN is VBZ proposed VVN by IN Gordon NP Bell NP et CC al NP in IN a DT report NN to TO the DT Office NP of IN Science NP and CC Technology NP , , written VVN in IN response NN to TO a DT congressional JJ request NN by IN Al NP Gore NP . SENT Nov NP It PP would MD take VV four CD years NNS until IN the DT establishment NN of IN this DT network NN by IN Congress NP . SENT gb NN 1 CD . SENT 1000 CD th NN RFC NN . SENT Request NN For IN Comments NP reference NN guide NN Number NP of IN hosts NNS breaks VVZ 10 CD , , 000 CD Number NP of IN BITNET NP hosts VVZ breaks NNS 1 CD , , 000 CD 1988 CD 2 CD November NP Internet NP worm NN burrows VVZ through IN the DT Net NN , , affecting VVG 6 CD , , 000 CD of IN the DT 60 CD , , 000 CD hosts NNS on IN the DT Internet NN . SENT ph NN 1 CD . SENT CERT NN Computer NP Emergency NP Response NP Team NP formed VVD by IN DARPA NP in IN response NN to TO the DT needs NNS exhibited VVN during IN the DT Morris NP worm NN incident NN . SENT The DT worm NN is VBZ the DT only JJ advisory NN issued VVD this DT year NN . SENT DoD NP chooses VVZ to TO adopt VV OSI NP and CC sees VVZ use NN of IN TCP NN IP NP as IN an DT interim NN . SENT US NP Government NP OSI NP Profile NN GOSIP NP defines VVZ the DT set NN of IN protocols NNS to TO be VB supported VVN by IN Government NP purchased VVD products NNS . SENT gck NN . SENT Los NP Nettos NP network NN created VVN with IN no DT federal JJ funding NN , , instead RB supported VVN by IN regional JJ members NNS founding NN . SENT Caltech NP , , TIS NNS , , UCLA NP , , USC NP , , ISI NP . SENT NSFNET NP backbone NN upgraded VVD to TO T NN 1 CD 1 CD . SENT 544 CD Mbps NP CERFnet NP California NP Education NP and CC Research NP Federation NP network NN founded VVD by IN Susan NP Estrada NP . SENT Internet NN Assigned VVN Numbers NP Authority NP IANA NP established VVD in IN December NP with IN Jon NP Postel NP as IN its PP$ Director NN . SENT Postel NP was VBD also RB the DT RFC NP Editor NP and CC US NP Domain NN registrar NN for IN many JJ years NNS . SENT Internet NN Relay NN Chat VV IRC NP developed VVN by IN Jarkko NP Oikarinen NP . SENT zby NN . SENT First JJ Canadian JJ regionals NNS join VVP NSFNET NP . SENT ONet NP via IN Cornell NP , , RISQ NP via IN Princeton NP , , BCnet NP via IN Univ NP of IN Washington NP . SENT ec NP 1 CD . SENT FidoNet NP gets VVZ connected VVN to TO the DT Net NN , , enabling VVG the DT exchange NN of IN email NP and CC news NN . SENT tp NN 1 CD . SENT The DT first JJ multicast NN tunnel NN is VBZ established VVN between IN Stanford NP and CC BBN NP in IN the DT Summer NPS of IN 1988 CD . SENT Countries NNS connecting VVG to TO NSFNET NP . SENT Canada NP CA MD , , Denmark NP DK NP , , France NP FR NP , , Iceland NP IS VBZ , , Norway NP NO RB , , Sweden NP SE FW 1989 NP Number NP of IN hosts NNS breaks VVZ 100 CD , , 000 CD RIPE JJ Reseaux NNS IP NP Europeens NNS formed VVN by IN European JJ service NN providers NNS to TO ensure VV the DT necessary JJ administrative JJ and CC technical JJ coordination NN to TO allow VV the DT operation NN of IN the DT pan VV European NP IP NP Network NP . SENT . SENT glg NN . SENT First JJ relays NNS between IN a DT commercial JJ electronic JJ mail NN carrier NN and CC the DT Internet NN . SENT MCI NP Mail NP through IN the DT Corporation NP for IN the DT National NP Research NP Initiative NP CNRI NP , , and CC CompuServe NP through IN Ohio NP State NP Univ NP . SENT jg NN 1 CD , , ph NN 1 CD . SENT Corporation NN for IN Research NP and CC Education NP Networking NN CREN NP is VBZ formed VVN by IN merging VVG CSNET NP into IN BITNET NP August NP AARNET NP Australian NP Academic NP Research NP Network NP set VVD up RP by IN AVCC NP and CC CSIRO NP . SENT introduced VVN into IN service NN the DT following VVG year NN . SENT gmc NN . SENT First JJ link NN between IN Australia NP and CC NSFNET NP via IN Hawaii NP on IN 23 CD June NP . SENT Australia NP had VHD been VBN limited VVN to TO USENET NP access NN since IN the DT early JJ 1980 CD s PP Cuckoo's NP Egg NP by IN Clifford NP Stoll NP tells VVZ the DT real JJ life NN tale NN of IN a DT German JJ cracker NN group NN who WP infiltrated VVN numerous JJ US NP facilities NNS UCLA NP sponsors VVZ the DT Act NP One CD symposium NN to TO celebrate VV ARPANET's NP 20 CD th NN anniversary NN and CC its PP$ decommissioning VVG August NP RFC NP 1121 CD . SENT Act NP One NP The DT Poems NNS RFC NP 1097 CD . SENT TELNET NP SUBLIMINAL JJ MESSAGE NN Option NN Countries NNS connecting VVG to TO NSFNET NP . SENT Australia NP AU NP , , Germany NP DE NP , , Israel NP IL NP , , Italy NP IT PP , , Japan NP JP NP , , Mexico NP MX NP , , Netherlands NP NL NP , , New NP Zealand NP NZ NP , , Puerto NP Rico NP PR NP , , United NP Kingdom NP UK NP 1990 CD s PP 1990 NP ARPANET NP ceases VVZ to TO exist VV Electronic NP Frontier NP Foundation NP EFF VV is VBZ founded VVN by IN Mitch NP Kapor NP Archie NP released VVD by IN Peter NP Deutsch NP , , Alan NP Emtage NP , , and CC Bill NP Heelan NP at IN McGill NP Hytelnet NP released VVD by IN Peter NP Scott NP Univ NP of IN Saskatchewan NP The NP World NP comes VVZ on IN line NN world NN . SENT std NN . SENT com NN , , becoming VVG the DT first JJ commercial JJ provider NN of IN Internet NN dial NN up IN access NN ISO NP Development NP Environment NP ISODE NP developed VVD to TO provide VV an DT approach NN for IN OSI NP migration NN for IN the DT DoD NP . SENT ISODE NP software NN allows VVZ OSI NP application NN to TO operate VV over IN TCP NN IP NP . SENT gck NN . SENT CA MD net NN formed VVN by IN 10 CD regional JJ networks NNS as IN national JJ Canadian JJ backbone NN with IN direct JJ connection NN to TO NSFNET NP . SENT ec NP 1 CD . SENT The DT first JJ remotely RB operated VVN machine NN to TO be VB hooked VVN up RP to TO the DT Internet NN , , the DT Internet NN Toaster NN by IN John NP Romkey NP , , controlled VVN via IN SNMP NP makes VVZ its PP$ debut NN at IN Interop NP . SENT Czechoslovakia NP . SENT cs NP connects VVZ to TO EARN VV BitNet NP 11 CD Oct NP . SENT . SENT cs NP deleted VVN in IN 1993 CD RFC NN 1149 CD . SENT A DT Standard NP for IN the DT Transmission NP of IN IP NP Datagrams NP on IN Avian JJ Carriers NNS . SENT Implementation NN is VBZ completed VVN 11 CD years NNS later RBR by IN the DT Bergen NP Linux NP Users NNS Group NP 28 CD Apr NN 2001 CD RFC NN 1178 CD . SENT Choosing VVG a DT Name NN for IN Your PP$ Computer NP Countries NPS connecting VVG to TO NSFNET NP . SENT Argentina NP AR NP , , Austria NP AT IN , , Belgium NP BE VB , , Brazil NP BR NP , , Chile NP CL NP , , Greece NP GR NP , , India NP IN IN , , Ireland NP IE NP , , Korea NP KR NP , , Spain NP ES NP , , Switzerland NP CH NP 1991 CD First NP connection NN takes VVZ place NN between IN Brazil NP , , by IN Fapesp NP , , and CC the DT Internet NN at IN 9600 CD baud NN . SENT Commercial JJ Internet NN eXchange NN CIX NP Association NP , , Inc NP . SENT formed VVN by IN General NP Atomics NP CERFnet NP , , Performance NP Systems NPS International NP , , Inc NP . SENT PSInet NP , , and CC UUNET NP Technologies NPS , , Inc NP . SENT AlterNet NP , , after IN NSF NP lifts VVZ restrictions NNS on IN the DT commercial JJ use NN of IN the DT Net JJ March NP . SENT glg NN . SENT Wide JJ Area NP Information NP Servers NNS WAIS NP , , invented VVD by IN Brewster NP Kahle NP , , released VVN by IN Thinking VVG Machines NP Corporation NP Gopher NN released VVN by IN Paul NP Lindner NP and CC Mark NP P NN . SENT McCahill NP from IN the DT Univ NP of IN Minnesota NP World NP Wide NP Web NP WWW NP released VVD by IN CERN NP . SENT Tim NP Berners NP Lee NP developer NN . SENT pb NN 1 CD . SENT . SENT First NP Web NP server NN is VBZ nxoc NP 01 CD . SENT cern NN . SENT ch NN , , launched VVN in IN Nov NP 1990 CD and CC later RBR renamed VVN info NN . SENT cern NN . SENT ch NN . SENT PGP NP Pretty NP Good JJ Privacy NN released VVN by IN Philip NP Zimmerman NP . SENT ad NN 1 CD . SENT US NP High NP Performance NP Computing NP Act NP Gore NP 1 CD establishes VVZ the DT National NP Research NP and CC Education NP Network NP NREN NP NSFNET NP backbone NN upgraded VVD to TO T NN 3 CD 44 CD . SENT 736 CD Mbps NP NSFNET NP traffic NN passes VVZ 1 CD trillion CD bytes NNS month NN and CC 10 CD billion CD packets NNS month NN Defense NP Data NP Network NP NIC NP contract NN awarded VVD by IN DISA NP to TO Government NP Systems NPS Inc NP . SENT who WP takes VVZ over RP from IN SRI NN in IN May NP Start NP of IN JANET NP IP NP Service NP JIPS NNS which WDT signaled VVD the DT changeover NN from IN Coloured JJ Book NP software NN to TO TCP NN IP NP within IN the DT UK NP academic JJ network NN . SENT IP NP was VBD initially RB tunneled VVN within IN X NP . SENT 25 CD . SENT . SENT gst NN . SENT RFC NP 1216 CD . SENT Gigabit NP Network NP Economics NP and CC Paradigm NN Shifts NNS RFC NP 1217 CD . SENT Memo NN from IN the DT Consortium NP for IN Slow JJ Commotion NN Research NP CSCR NP Countries NPS connecting VVG to TO NSFNET NP . SENT Croatia NP HR NP , , Hong NP Kong NP HK NP , , Hungary NP HU NP , , Poland NP PL NP , , Portugal NP PT NP , , Singapore NP SG NP , , South NP Africa NP ZA NP , , Taiwan NP TW NP , , Tunisia NP TN NP 1992 CD Internet NP Society NP ISOC NP is VBZ chartered JJ January NP IAB NP reconstituted VVD as IN the DT Internet NP Architecture NP Board NP and CC becomes VVZ part NN of IN the DT Internet NP Society NP Number NP of IN hosts NNS breaks VVZ 1 CD , , 000 CD , , 000 CD First NP MBONE NP audio JJ multicast NN March NP and CC video JJ multicast NN November NP RIPE JJ Network NP Coordination NN Center NP NCC NP created VVD in IN April NP to TO provide VV address NN registration NN and CC coordination NN services NNS to TO the DT European JJ Internet NN community NN . SENT dk NP 1 CD . SENT Veronica NP , , a DT gopherspace NN search NN tool NN , , is VBZ released VVN by IN Univ NP of IN Nevada NP World NP Bank NP comes VVZ on IN line NN The DT term NN surfing VVG the DT Internet NN is VBZ coined VVN by IN Jean NP Armour NP Polly NP . SENT jap NP . SENT . SENT Brendan NP Kehoe NP uses VVZ the DT term NN net JJ surfing NN as IN early JJ as IN 6 CD June NP 1991 CD in IN a DT USENET NP post NN . SENT bt NN 1 CD . SENT Zen NP and CC the DT Art NN of IN the DT Internet NN is VBZ published VVN by IN Brendan NP Kehoe NP . SENT jap NP . SENT Internet NP Hunt NP started VVD by IN Rick NP Gates NP RFC NP 1300 CD . SENT Remembrances NNS of IN Things NNS Past JJ RFC NP 1313 CD . SENT Today's NP Programming NN for IN KRFC NP AM NP 1313 CD Internet NN Talk NN Radio NP Countries NP connecting VVG to TO NSFNET NP . SENT Antarctica NP AQ NP , , Cameroon NP CM NP , , Cyprus NP CY NP , , Ecuador NP EC NP , , Estonia NP EE NP , , Kuwait NP KW NP , , Latvia NP LV NP , , Luxembourg NP LU NP , , Malaysia NP MY PP$ , , Slovenia NP SI NP , , Thailand NP TH NN , , Venezuela NP VE NP 1993 CD InterNIC NN created VVN by IN NSF NP to TO provide VV specific JJ Internet NN services NNS . SENT . SENT sc NN 1 CD . SENT directory NN and CC database NN services NNS AT IN T NN registration NN services NNS Network NP Solutions NNS Inc NP . SENT information NN services NNS General NP Atomics NP CERFnet NP US NP White NP House NP comes VVZ on IN line NN http NN . SENT www JJ . SENT whitehouse NP . SENT gov NP . SENT President NP Bill NP Clinton NP . SENT president NN whitehouse NP . SENT gov NP Vice NP President NP Al NP Gore NP . SENT vice NN president NN whitehouse NP . SENT gov NP Worms NP of IN a DT new JJ kind NN find VV their PP$ way NN around IN the DT Net JJ WWW NP Worms NP W NP 4 CD , , joined VVN by IN Spiders NNS , , Wanderers NNS , , Crawlers NNS , , and CC Snakes NNS . SENT . SENT . SENT Internet NP Talk NN Radio NP begins VVZ broadcasting NN . SENT sk NNS 2 CD . SENT United NP Nations NPS UN NP comes VVZ on IN line NN . SENT vgc NN . SENT US NP National NP Information NP Infrastructure NN Act NN Businesses NNS and CC media NNS begin VVP taking VVG notice NN of IN the DT Internet NN . SENT sk JJS Slovakia NP and NP . SENT cz NP Czech NP Republic NP created VVD after IN split NN of IN Czechoslovakia NP . SENT . SENT cs NP decomissioned VVD InterCon NP International NP KK NP IIKK NP provides VVZ Japan's NP first JJ commercial JJ Internet NN connection NN in IN September NP . SENT TWICS NP , , though IN an DT IIKK NP leased VVD line NN , , begins VVZ offering NN dial NN up RB accounts VVZ the DT following VVG month NN . SENT tb NN 1 CD . SENT Mosaic NN takes VVZ the DT Internet NN by IN storm NN 22 CD Apr NN . SENT WWW NP proliferates VVZ at IN a DT 341 CD , , 634 CD annual JJ growth NN rate NN of IN service NN traffic NN . SENT Gopher's NP growth NN is VBZ 997 CD . SENT RFC NP 1437 CD . SENT The DT Extension NP of IN MIME NN Content NN Types NNS to TO a DT New NP Medium NN RFC NP 1438 CD . SENT IETF NN Statements NNS of IN Boredom NN SOBs VVZ Countries NNS connecting VVG to TO NSFNET NP . SENT Bulgaria NP BG NP , , Costa NP Rica NP CR NN , , Egypt NP EG NN , , Fiji NP FJ NP , , Ghana NP GH NP , , Guam NP GU NP , , Indonesia NP ID NN , , Kazakhstan NP KZ NP , , Kenya NP KE NP , , Liechtenstein NP LI NP , , Peru NP PE NN , , Romania NP RO NP , , Russian NP Federation NP RU NP , , Turkey NP TR NP , , Ukraine NP UA NP , , UAE NP AE NP , , US NP Virgin NP Islands NPS VI NP 1994 CD ARPANET NP Internet NP celebrates VVZ 25 CD th NN anniversary NN Communities NNS begin VVP to TO be VB wired VVN up RP directly RB to TO the DT Internet NP Lexington NP and CC Cambridge NP , , Mass NP . SENT , , USA NP US NP Senate NP and CC House NP provide VVP information NN servers NNS Shopping NP malls NNS arrive VVP on IN the DT Internet NP First NP cyberstation NN , , RT NP FM NP , , broadcasts NNS from IN Interop NP in IN Las NP Vegas NP The NP National NP Institute NP for IN Standards NPS and CC Technology NP NIST NP suggests VVZ that IN GOSIP NP should MD incorporate VV TCP NN IP NP and CC drop VV the DT OSI NP only JJ requirement NN . SENT gck NN . SENT Arizona NP law NN firm NN of IN Canter NP Siegel NP spams VVZ the DT Internet NN with IN email NP advertising VVG green JJ card NN lottery NN services NNS . SENT Net JJ citizens NNS flame NN back RB NSFNET NP traffic NN passes VVZ 10 CD trillion CD bytes NNS month NN Yes NP , , it's NNS true JJ you PP can MD now RB order VV pizza NN from IN the DT Hut NP online JJ WWW NP edges NNS out IN telnet NN to TO become VV 2 CD nd NN most RBS popular JJ service NN on IN the DT Net NN behind IN ftp NN data NNS based VVN on IN of IN packets NNS and CC bytes NNS traffic NN distribution NN on IN NSFNET NP Japanese NP Prime NP Minister NP on IN line NN http NN . SENT www JJ . SENT kantei NNS . SENT go VV . SENT jp NP UK's NP HM NP Treasury NP on IN line NN http NN . SENT www JJ . SENT hm NP treasury NN . SENT gov NP . SENT uk NP New NP Zealand's NP Info NP Tech NP Prime NP Minister NP on IN line NN http NN . SENT www JJ . SENT govt NP . SENT nz NP First NP Virtual JJ , , the DT first JJ cyberbank NN , , open VV up RP for IN business NN Radio NN stations NNS start VVP rockin NN rebroadcasting VVG round NN the DT clock NN on IN the DT Net NN . SENT WXYC NP at IN Univ NP of IN NC NP , , KJHK NP at IN Univ NP of IN KS NP Lawrence NP , , KUGS NP at IN Western NP WA NP Univ NP IPng NP recommended VVD by IN IETF NP at IN its PP$ Toronto NP meeting NN July NP and CC approved VVN by IN IESG NP in IN November NP . SENT Later RBR documented VVN as IN RFC NP 1752 CD The DT first JJ banner NN ads NNS appear VVP on IN hotwired NN . SENT com NN in IN October NP . SENT They PP were VBD for IN Zima NP a DT beverage NN and CC AT IN T NN Trans NP European NP Research NP and CC Education NP Network NP Association NP TERENA NP is VBZ formed VVN by IN the DT merger NN of IN RARE JJ and CC EARN VV , , with IN representatives NNS from IN 38 CD countries NNS as RB well RB as IN CERN NP and CC ECMWF NP . SENT TERENA's NNS aim VVP is VBZ to TO promote VV and CC participate VV in IN the DT development NN of IN a DT high JJ quality NN international JJ information NN and CC telecommunications NN infrastructure NN for IN the DT benefit NN of IN research NN and CC education NN October NP After IN noticing VVG that DT many JJ network NN software NN vendors NNS used VVD domain NN . SENT com NN in IN their PP$ documentation NN examples NNS , , Bill NP Woodcock NP and CC Jon NP Postel NP register VVP the DT domain NN . SENT Sure RB enough RB , , after IN looking VVG at IN the DT domain NN access NN logs VVZ , , it PP was VBD evident JJ that IN many JJ users NNS were VBD using VVG the DT example NN domain NN in IN configuring VVG their PP$ applications NNS . SENT RFC NP 1605 CD . SENT SONET NP to TO Sonnet VV Translation NN RFC NP 1606 CD . SENT A DT Historical JJ Perspective NP On IN The DT Usage RB Of IN IP NP Version NP 9 CD RFC NN 1607 CD . SENT A DT VIEW NN FROM IN THE DT 21 CD ST NP CENTURY NN Countries NNS connecting VVG to TO NSFNET NP . SENT Algeria NP DZ NP , , Armenia NP AM NP , , Bermuda NP BM NP , , Burkina NP Faso NP BF NP , , China NP CN NP , , Colombia NP CO NP , , Jamaica NP JM NP , , Jordan NP JO NN , , Lebanon NP LB NP , , Lithuania NP LT NP , , Macao NP MO NN , , Morocco NP MA NN , , New NP Caledonia NP NC NP , , Nicaragua NP NI NP , , Niger NP NE RB , , Panama NP PA NN , , Philippines NP PH NN , , Senegal NP SN NP , , Sri NP Lanka NP LK NP , , Swaziland NP SZ NP , , Uruguay NP UY NP , , Uzbekistan NP UZ NP Top NP 10 CD Domains NNS by IN Host NN . SENT com NN , , edu NP , , uk NP , , gov NP , , de NP , , ca MD , , mil NN , , au NP , , org NP , , net JJ 1995 CD NSFNET NN reverts VVZ back RB to TO a DT research NN network NN . SENT Main JJ US NP backbone NN traffic NN now RB routed VVN through IN interconnected VVN network NN providers NNS The DT new JJ NSFNET NN is VBZ born VVN as IN NSF NP establishes VVZ the DT very RB high JJ speed NN Backbone NN Network NP Service NP vBNS NNS linking VVG super JJ computing NN centers NNS . SENT NCAR NP , , NCSA NP , , SDSC NP , , CTC NP , , PSC NP Neda NP Rayaneh NP Institute NP NRI NP , , Iran's NP first JJ commercial JJ provider NN , , comes VVZ online JJ , , connecting VVG via IN satellite NN to TO Cadvision NP , , a DT Canadian JJ provider NN . SENT rm NP 1 CD . SENT Hong NP Kong NP police NNS disconnect VV all DT but CC one CD of IN the DT colony's JJ Internet NN providers NNS for IN failure NN to TO obtain VV a DT license NN . SENT thousands NNS of IN users NNS are VBP left VVN without IN service NN . SENT kf NN 2 CD . SENT Sun NP launches VVZ JAVA NP on IN May NP 23 CD RealAudio NP , , an DT audio JJ streaming VVG technology NN , , lets VVZ the DT Net NN hear VVP in IN near JJ real JJ time NN Radio NP HK NP , , the DT first JJ commercial JJ 24 CD hr NP . SENT , , Internet NP only JJ radio NN station NN starts VVZ broadcasting NN WWW NP surpasses VVZ ftp NN data NNS in IN March NP as IN the DT service NN with IN greatest JJS traffic NN on IN NSFNet NP based VVN on IN packet NN count NN , , and CC in IN April NP based VVN on IN byte NN count NN Traditional JJ online JJ dial NN up IN systems NNS CompuServe NP , , America NP Online JJ , , Prodigy NN begin VVP to TO provide VV Internet NN access NN Chris NP Lamprecht NP aka NN Minor NP Threat NP becomes VVZ the DT first JJ person NN banned VVN from IN accessing VVG the DT Internet NN by IN a DT US NP District NP Court NP judge NN in IN Texas NP Thousands NNS in IN Minneapolis NP St NP . SENT Paul NP USA NP lose VVP Net JJ access NN after IN transients NNS start VVP a DT bonfire NN under IN a DT bridge NN at IN the DT Univ NP of IN MN NP causing VVG fiber NN optic NN cables NNS to TO melt VV 30 CD July NP A DT number NN of IN Net JJ related JJ companies NNS go VVP public JJ , , with IN Netscape NP leading VVG the DT pack NN with IN the DT 3 CD rd RB largest JJS ever RB NASDAQ NP IPO NN share NN value NN 9 CD August NP Registration NN of IN domain NN names NNS is VBZ no DT longer RBR free JJ . SENT Beginning VVG 14 CD September NP , , a DT 50 CD annual JJ fee NN has VHZ been VBN imposed VVN , , which WDT up RB until IN now RB was VBD subsidized VVN by IN NSF NP . SENT NSF NP continues VVZ to TO pay VV for IN . SENT edu NN registration NN , , and CC on IN an DT interim JJ basis NN for IN . SENT gov NP The NP Vatican NP comes VVZ on IN line NN http NN . SENT www JJ . SENT vatican NP . SENT va NP The NP Canadian NP Government NP comes VVZ on IN line NN http NN . SENT canada NP . SENT gc NN . SENT ca MD The DT first JJ official NN Internet NN wiretap NN was VBD successful JJ in IN helping VVG the DT Secret NP Service NP and CC Drug NP Enforcement NP Agency NP DEA NP apprehend VV three CD individuals NNS who WP were VBD illegally RB manufacturing VVG and CC selling VVG cell NN phone NN cloning VVG equipment NN and CC electronic JJ devices NNS Operation NN Home NP Front NP connects VVZ , , for IN the DT first JJ time NN , , soldiers NNS in IN the DT field NN with IN their PP$ families NNS back RB home RB via IN the DT Internet NN . SENT Richard NP White NP becomes VVZ the DT first JJ person NN to TO be VB declared VVN a DT munition VV , , under IN the DT USA's NP arms NNS export NN control NN laws NNS , , because RB of IN an DT RSA NP file NN security NN encryption NN program NN tattooed VVN on IN his PP$ arm NN . SENT wired VVN 496 CD . SENT RFC NP 1882 CD . SENT The DT 12 CD Days NNS of IN Technology NP Before IN Christmas NP Country NP domains NNS registered VVD . SENT Ethiopia NP ET NP , , Cote NP d'Ivoire NP CI NP , , Cook NP Islands NPS CK NP Cayman NP Islands NPS KY NP , , Anguilla NP AI VVZ , , Gibraltar NP GI NP , , Vatican NP VA NP , , Kiribati NP KI NP , , Kyrgyzstan NP KG NP , , Madagascar NP MG NP , , Mauritius NP MU NN , , Micronesia NP FM NP , , Monaco NP MC NP , , Mongolia NP MN NP , , Nepal NP NP NP , , Nigeria NP NG NP , , Western NP Samoa NP WS NP , , San NP Marino NP SM NP , , Tanzania NP TZ NP , , Tonga NP TO TO , , Uganda NP UG NP , , Vanuatu NN VU NN Top JJ 10 CD Domains NNS by IN Host NN . SENT com NN , , edu NP , , net NN , , gov NP , , mil NN , , org NP , , de NP , , uk NP , , ca MD , , au NP Technologies NPS of IN the DT Year NN . SENT WWW NP , , Search NP engines NNS Emerging NP Technologies NPS . SENT Mobile JJ code NN JAVA NP , , JAVAscript NN , , Virtual JJ environments NNS VRML NP , , Collaborative JJ tools NNS Hacks NNS of IN the DT Year NN . SENT The DT Spot NN Jun NP 12 CD , , Hackers NNS Movie NN Page NP 12 CD Aug NN 1996 CD Internet NN phones NNS catch VVP the DT attention NN of IN US NP telecommunication NN companies NNS who WP ask VVP the DT US NP Congress NP to TO ban VV the DT technology NN which WDT has VHZ been VBN around RP for IN years NNS Malaysian JJ Prime NP Minister NP Mahathir NP Mohamad NP , , PLO NP Leader NP Yasser NP Arafat NP , , and CC Phillipine NP President NP Fidel NP Ramos NP meet VV for IN ten CD minutes NNS in IN an DT online JJ interactive JJ chat NN session NN on IN 17 CD January NP . SENT The DT controversial JJ US NP Communications NPS Decency NN Act NP CDA NP becomes VVZ law NN in IN the DT US NP in IN order NN to TO prohibit VV distribution NN of IN indecent JJ materials NNS over IN the DT Net NN . SENT A DT few JJ months NNS later RBR a DT three CD judge NN panel NN imposes VVZ an DT injunction NN against IN its PP$ enforcement NN . SENT Supreme NP Court NP unanimously RB rules VVZ most JJS of IN it PP unconstitutional JJ in IN 1997 CD . SENT 9 CD , , 272 CD organizations NNS find VVP themselves PP unlisted JJ after IN the DT InterNIC NP drops VVZ their PP$ name NN service NN as IN a DT result NN of IN not RB having VHG paid VVN their PP$ domain NN name NN fee NN Various JJ ISPs NNS suffer VVP extended JJ service NN outages NNS , , bringing VVG into IN question NN whether IN they PP will MD be VB able JJ to TO handle VV the DT growing VVG number NN of IN users NNS . SENT AOL NN 19 CD hours NNS , , Netcom NP 13 CD hours NNS , , AT IN T NN WorldNet NP 28 CD hours NNS email NP only JJ Domain NN name NN tv NN . SENT com NN sold VVD to TO CNET NP for IN US NP 15 CD , , 000 CD New NP York's NP Public NP Access NP Networks NPS Corp NP PANIX NP is VBZ shut VVN down RP after IN repeated VVN SYN IN attacks NNS by IN a DT cracker NN using VVG methods NNS outlined VVN in IN a DT hacker NN magazine NN 2600 CD MCI NP upgrades NNS Internet NN backbone NN adding VVG 13 CD , , 000 CD ports NNS , , bringing VVG the DT effective JJ speed NN from IN 155 CD Mbps NNS to TO 622 CD Mbps NNS . SENT The DT Internet NP Ad NP Hoc FW Committee NP announces VVZ plans NNS to TO add VV 7 CD new JJ generic JJ Top JJ Level NP Domains NNS gTLD NN . SENT . SENT firm JJ , , . SENT store NN , , . SENT web NN , , . SENT arts NNS , , . SENT rec NN , , . SENT info NN , , . SENT nom NN . SENT The DT IAHC NP plan NN also RB calls VVZ for IN a DT competing VVG group NN of IN domain NN registrars NNS worldwide RB . SENT A DT malicious JJ cancelbot NN is VBZ released VVN on IN USENET NP wiping VVG out RP more JJR than IN 25 CD , , 000 CD messages NNS The DT WWW NP browser NN war NN , , fought VVD primarily RB between IN Netscape NP and CC Microsoft NP , , has VHZ rushed VVN in IN a DT new JJ age NN in IN software NN development NN , , whereby WRB new JJ releases NNS are VBP made VVN quarterly JJ with IN the DT help NN of IN Internet NN users NNS eager JJ to TO test VV upcoming JJ beta JJ versions NNS . SENT RFC NP 1925 CD . SENT The DT Twelve CD Networking NN Truths NNS Restrictions NNS on IN Internet NN use NN around IN the DT world NN . SENT China NP . SENT requires VVZ users NNS and CC ISPs NNS to TO register VV with IN the DT police NN Germany NP . SENT cuts NNS off IN access NN to TO some DT newsgroups NNS carried VVN on IN CompuServe NP Saudi NP Arabia NP . SENT confines NNS Internet NN access NN to TO universities NNS and CC hospitals NNS Singapore NP . SENT requires VVZ political JJ and CC religious JJ content JJ providers NNS to TO register VV with IN the DT state NN New NP Zealand NP . SENT classifies VVZ computer NN disks NNS as IN publications NNS that WDT can MD be VB censored VVN and CC seized VVN source NN . SENT Human JJ Rights NPS Watch VVP Country NP domains NNS registered VVD . SENT Qatar NP QA NP , , Central NP African NP Republic NP CF NP , , Oman NP OM NP , , Norfolk NP Island NP NF NP , , Tuvalu NP TV NP , , French NP Polynesia NP PF NP , , Syria NP SY NP , , Aruba NP AW NP , , Cambodia NP KH NP , , French NP Guiana NP GF NP , , Eritrea NP ER NP , , Cape NP Verde NP CV NP , , Burundi NP BI NP , , Benin NP BJ NP Bosnia NP Herzegovina NP BA NP , , Andorra NP AD NN , , Guadeloupe NP GP NN , , Guernsey NP GG NP , , Isle NP of IN Man NP IM NP , , Jersey NP JE NP , , Lao NP LA NP , , Maldives NP MV NP , , Marshall NP Islands NPS MH NP , , Mauritania NP MR NP , , Northern NP Mariana NP Islands NPS MP NN , , Rwanda NP RW NP , , Togo NP TG NP , , Yemen NP YE NP , , Zaire NP ZR NP Top NP 10 CD Domains NNS by IN Host NN . SENT com NN , , edu NP , , net NN , , uk NP , , de NP , , jp NN , , us PP , , mil NN , , ca MD , , au FW Hacks NNS of IN the DT Year NN . SENT US NP Dept NP of IN Justice NP 17 CD Aug NN , , CIA NP 19 CD Sep NN , , Air NP Force NP 29 NP Dec NP , , UK NP Labour NN Party NP 6 CD Dec NP , , NASA NP DDCSOL NP USAFE NP US NP Air NP Force NP 30 CD Dec NP Technologies NPS of IN the DT Year NN . SENT Search NN engines NNS , , JAVA NP , , Internet NN Phone NN Emerging NP Technologies NPS . SENT Virtual JJ environments NNS VRML NP , , Collaborative JJ tools NNS , , Internet NN appliance NN Network NP Computer NP 1997 CD 2000 CD th NN RFC NN . SENT Internet NP Official NP Protocol NP Standards NP 71 CD , , 618 CD mailing NN lists NNS registered VVN at IN Liszt NP , , a DT mailing NN list NN directory NN The DT American JJ Registry NN for IN Internet NP Numbers NP ARIN NP is VBZ established VVN to TO handle VV administration NN and CC registration NN of IN IP NP numbers NNS to TO the DT geographical JJ areas NNS currently RB handled VVN by IN Network NP Solutions NNS InterNIC NP , , starting VVG March NP 1998 CD . SENT CA MD net JJ II NP launched VVD in IN June NP to TO provide VV Canada's NP next JJ generation NN Internet NN using VVG ATM NN SONET NP In IN protest NN of IN the DT DNS NP monopoly NN , , AlterNIC's NP owner NN , , Eugene NP Kashpureff NP , , hacks NNS DNS NP so IN users NNS going VVG to TO www NP . SENT internic JJ . SENT net JJ end NN up RB at IN www NP . SENT alternic JJ . SENT net JJ Domain NN name NN business NN . SENT com NN sold VVD for IN US NP 150 CD , , 000 CD Early RB in IN the DT morning NN of IN 17 CD July NP , , human JJ error NN at IN Network NP Solutions NNS causes VVZ the DT DNS NP table NN for IN . SENT com NN and NP . SENT net JJ domains NNS to TO become VV corrupted VVN , , making VVG millions NNS of IN systems NNS unreachable JJ . SENT Longest JJS hostname NN registered VVN with IN InterNIC NP . SENT CHALLENGER NN . SENT MED NP . SENT SYNAPSE NN . SENT UAH NP . SENT UALBERTA NP . SENT CA MD 101 CD , , 803 CD Name NN Servers NNS in IN whois NN database NN RFC NP 2100 CD . SENT The DT Naming NN of IN Hosts NNS Country NP domains NNS registered VVD . SENT Falkland NP Islands NPS FK NP , , East NP Timor NP TP NP , , R NN of IN Congo NP CG NP , , Christmas NP Island NP CX NP , , Gambia NP GM NP , , Guinea NP Bissau NP GW NP , , Haiti NP HT NP , , Iraq NP IQ NP , , Libya NP LY NP , , Malawi NP MW NP , , Martinique NP MQ NP , , Montserrat NP MS NN , , Myanmar NP MM NP , , French NP Reunion NP Island NP RE NN , , Seychelles NP SC NP , , Sierra NP Leone NP SL NP , , Somalia NP SO RB , , Sudan NP SD NP , , Tajikistan NP TJ NP , , Turkmenistan NP TM NP , , Turks NPS and CC Caicos NP Islands NPS TC NP , , British NP Virgin NP Islands NPS VG NP , , Heard NP and CC McDonald NP Islands NPS HM NP , , French NP Southern NP Territories NP TF NP , , British NP Indian NP Ocean NP Territory NP IO NP , , Svalbard NP and CC Jan NP Mayen NP Islands NPS SJ NP , , St NP Pierre NP and CC Miquelon NP PM NP , , St NP Helena NP SH NP , , South NP Georgia NP Sandwich NP Islands NPS GS NP , , Sao NP Tome NP and CC Principe NP ST NP , , Ascension NP Island NP AC NP , , US NP Minor NP Outlying JJ Islands NP UM NP , , Mayotte NP YT NP , , Wallis NP and CC Futuna NP Islands NPS WF NP , , Tokelau NP Islands NPS TK NP , , Chad NP Republic NP TD NP , , Afghanistan NP AF NP , , Cocos NP Island NP CC NP , , Bouvet NP Island NP BV NP , , Liberia NP LR NP , , American NP Samoa NP AS NP , , Niue NP NU NN , , Equatorial NP New NP Guinea NP GQ NP , , Bhutan NP BT NP , , Pitcairn NP Island NP PN NP , , Palau NP PW NP , , DR NP of IN Congo NP CD NP Top NP 10 CD Domains NNS by IN Host NN . SENT com NN , , edu NP , , net NN , , jp NN , , uk NP , , de NP , , us PP , , au FW , , ca MD , , mil NN Hacks NNS of IN the DT Year NN . SENT Indonesian JJ Govt NP 19 CD Jan NP , , 10 CD Feb NN , , 24 CD Apr NN , , 30 CD Jun NN , , 22 CD Nov NP , , NASA NP 5 CD Mar NP , , UK NP Conservative NP Party NP 27 CD Apr NN , , Spice NP Girls NNS 14 CD Nov NP Technologies NPS of IN the DT Year NN . SENT Push NN , , Multicasting NP Emerging NP Technologies NPS . SENT Push VV 1998 CD Hobbes NP Internet NN Timeline NN is VBZ released VVN as IN RFC NP 2235 CD FYI NP 32 CD US PP Depart VVP of IN Commerce NP DoC NN releases VVZ the DT Green NP Paper NP outlining VVG its PP$ plan NN to TO privatize VV DNS NP on IN 30 CD January NP . SENT This DT is VBZ followed VVN up RP by IN a DT White NP Paper NP on IN June NP 5 CD La NP F NN te NN de NP l'Internet NP , , a DT country NN wide JJ Internet NN fest NN , , is VBZ held VVN in IN France NP 20 CD 21 CD March NP Web NP size NN estimates NNS range VVP between IN 275 CD Digital NP and CC 320 CD NEC NP million CD pages NNS for IN 1 CD Q NP Companies NNS flock NN to TO the DT Turkmenistan NP NIC NP in IN order NN to TO register VV their PP$ name NN under IN the DT . SENT tm NN domain NN , , the DT English JJ abbreviation NN for IN trademark NN Internet NN users NNS get VVP to TO be VB judges NNS in IN a DT performance NN by IN 12 CD world NN champion NN ice NN skaters NNS on IN 27 CD March NP , , marking VVG the DT first JJ time NN a DT television NN sport NN show's NNS outcome NN is VBZ determined VVN by IN its PP$ viewers NNS . SENT Network NN Solutions NNS registers VVZ its PP$ 2 CD millionth JJ domain NN on IN 4 CD May NP Electronic NP postal JJ stamps NNS become VVP a DT reality NN , , with IN the DT US NP Postal NP Service NP allowing VVG stamps NNS to TO be VB purchased VVN and CC downloaded VVN for IN printing NN from IN the DT Web NP . SENT Canada NP kicks VVZ off RP CA MD net VV 3 CD , , the DT first JJ national JJ optical JJ internet NP Compaq NP pays VVZ US NP 3 CD . SENT 3 CD million CD for IN altavista NP . SENT com NN CDA NP II NP and CC a DT ban NN on IN Net JJ taxes NNS are VBP signed VVN into IN US NP law NN 21 CD October NP ABCNews NP . SENT com NN accidentally RB posts VVZ test NN US NP election NN returns VVZ one CD day NN early JJ 2 CD November NP Indian NP ISP NP market NN is VBZ deregulated VVN in IN November NP causing VVG a DT rush NN for IN ISP NP operation NN licenses VVZ US NP DoC NN enters VVZ into IN an DT agreement NN with IN the DT Internet NP Corporation NP for IN Assigned JJ Numbers NP ICANN NP to TO establish VV a DT process NN for IN transitioning VVG DNS NP from IN US NP Government NP management NN to TO industry NN 25 CD November NP San NP Francisco NP sites NNS without IN off JJ city NN mirrors VVZ go VV offline NN as IN the DT city NN blacks NNS out IN on IN 8 CD December NP Chinese JJ government NN puts VVZ Lin NP Hai NP on IN trial NN for IN inciting VVG the DT overthrow VV of IN state NN power NN for IN providing VVG 30 CD , , 000 CD email NP addresses NNS to TO a DT US NP Internet NP magazine NN December NP He PP is VBZ later RBR sentenced VVN to TO two CD years NNS in IN jail NN French JJ Internet NN users NNS give VVP up RP their PP$ access NN on IN 13 CD December NP to TO boycott VV France NP Telecom's NP local JJ phone NN charges NNS which WDT are VBP in IN addition NN to TO the DT ISP NP charge NN Open NP source NN software NN comes VVZ of IN age NN RFC NP 2321 CD . SENT RITA NP The DT Reliable JJ Internetwork NN Troubleshooting NN Agent NP RFC NP 2322 CD . SENT Management NN of IN IP NP numbers NNS by IN peg VVP dhcp NN RFC NP 2323 CD . SENT IETF NN Identification NN and CC Security NN Guidelines NNS RFC NP 2324 CD . SENT Hyper NN Text NN Coffee NP Pot NN Control NP Protocol NP HTCPCP NP 1 CD . SENT 0 CD Country NP domains NNS registered VVD . SENT Nauru NP NR NP , , Comoros NP KM NP Bandwidth NN Generators NNS . SENT Winter NP Olympics NPS Feb NN , , World NP Cup NP Jun NP Jul NP , , Starr NP Report NP 11 CD Sep NN , , Glenn NP space NN launch NN Top JJ 10 CD Domains NNS by IN Host NN . SENT com NN , , net NN , , edu NP , , mil NN , , jp NN , , us PP , , uk NP , , de NP , , ca MD , , au FW Hacks NNS of IN the DT Year NN . SENT US NP Dept NP of IN Commerce NP 20 CD Feb NN , , New NP York NP Times NP 13 CD Sep NN , , China NP Society NP for IN Human NP Rights NP Studies NPS 26 NP Oct NP , , UNICEF NP 7 CD Jan NP Technologies NPS of IN the DT Year NN . SENT E NP Commerce NP , , E NP Auctions NPS , , Portals NNS Emerging VVG Technologies NPS . SENT E NP Trade NP , , XML NP , , Intrusion NN Detection NN 1999 CD Internet NN access NN becomes VVZ available JJ to TO the DT Saudi NP Arabian NP . SENT sa NP public NN in IN January NP vBNS NNS sets VVZ up RP an DT OC NP 48 CD link NN between IN CalREN NP South NP and CC North NP using VVG Juniper NP M NP 40 CD routers NNS First NP Internet NP Bank NP of IN Indiana NP , , the DT first JJ full JJ service NN bank NN available JJ only RB on IN the DT Net NN , , opens VVZ for IN business NN on IN 22 CD February NP IBM NP becomes VVZ the DT first JJ Corporate JJ partner NN to TO be VB approved VVN for IN Internet NP 2 CD access NN European NP Parliament NP proposes VVZ banning VVG the DT caching NN of IN Web NP pages NNS by IN ISPs NP The DT Internet NN Fiesta NN kicks VVZ off RP in IN March NP across IN Europe NP , , building NN on IN the DT success NN of IN La NP F NP te NN de NP l'Internet NN held VVN in IN 1998 CD US NP State NP Court NP rules NNS that IN domain NN names NNS are VBP property NN that WDT may MD be VB garnished VVN MCI NP Worldcom NP , , the DT vBNS NNS provider NN for IN NSF NP , , begins VVZ upgrading VVG the DT US NP backbone NN to TO 2 CD . SENT 5 CD Gbps NNS A DT forged VVN Web NP page NN made VVD to TO look VV like IN a DT Bloomberg NP financial JJ news NN story NN raised VVD shares NNS of IN a DT small JJ technology NN company NN by IN 31 CD on IN 7 CD April NP . SENT ICANN NP announces VVZ the DT five CD testbed JJ registrars NNS for IN the DT competitive JJ Shared JJ Registry NN System NN on IN 21 CD April NP . SENT AOL NP , , CORE NN , , France NP Telecom NP Ol NN ane NN , , Melbourne NP IT PP , , Register NP . SENT com NN . SENT 29 CD additional JJ post NN testbed NN registrars NNS are VBP also RB selected VVN on IN 21 CD April NP , , followed VVN by IN 8 CD on IN 25 CD May NP , , 15 CD on IN 6 CD July NP , , and CC so RB on IN for IN a DT total NN of IN 98 CD by IN year's JJ end NN . SENT The DT testbed NN , , originally RB scheduled VVN to TO last VV until IN 24 CD June NP , , is VBZ extended VVN until IN 10 CD September NP , , and CC then RB 30 CD November NP . SENT The DT first JJ registrar NN to TO come VV online JJ is VBZ Register NP . SENT com NN on IN 7 CD June NP First NP large JJ scale NN Cyberwar NP takes VVZ place NN simultaneously RB with IN the DT war NN in IN Serbia NP Kosovo NP Abilene NP , , the DT Internet NP 2 CD network NN , , reaches VVZ across IN the DT Atlantic NP and CC connects VVZ to TO NORDUnet NP and CC SURFnet NP The NP Web NP becomes VVZ the DT focal JJ point NN of IN British JJ politics NNS as IN a DT list NN of IN MI NN 6 CD agents NNS is VBZ released VVN on IN a DT UK NP Web NP site NN . SENT Though RB forced VVN to TO remove VV the DT list NN from IN the DT site NN , , it PP was VBD too RB late JJ as IN the DT list NN had VHD already RB been VBN replicated VVN across IN the DT Net NN . SENT 15 CD May NP Activists NNS Net JJ wide JJ target NN the DT world's JJ financial JJ centers NNS on IN 18 CD June NP , , timed VVD to TO coincide VV with IN the DT G NP 8 CD Summit NP . SENT Little JJ actual JJ impact NN is VBZ reported VVN . SENT MCI NP Worldcom NP launches VVZ vBNS NNS , , a DT commercialized VVN version NN of IN vBNS NNS targeted VVN at IN smaller JJR educational JJ and CC research NN institutions NNS DoD NP issues NNS a DT memo NN requiring VVG all DT US NP military JJ systems NNS to TO connect VV via IN NIPRNET NP , , and CC not RB directly RB to TO the DT Internet NN by IN 15 CD Dec NP 1999 CD 22 CD Aug NN Somalia NN gets VVZ its PP$ first JJ ISP NP Olympic NP Computer NP Sep NP ISOC NP approves VVZ the DT formation NN of IN the DT Internet NN Societal JJ Task NP Force NP ISTF NP . SENT Vint NP Cerf NP serves VVZ as IN first JJ chair NN Free JJ computers NNS are VBP all PDT the DT rage NN as RB long RB as IN you PP sign VV a DT long JJ term NN contract NN for IN Net JJ service NN Country NN domains NNS registered VVD . SENT Bangladesh NP BD NP , , Palestine NP PS NP vBNS NNS reaches VVZ 101 CD connections NNS business NN . SENT com NN is VBZ sold VVN for IN US NP 7 CD . SENT 5 CD million CD it PP was VBD purchased VVN in IN 1997 CD for IN US NP 150 CD , , 000 CD 30 CD Nov NP RFC NP 2549 CD . SENT IP NP over IN Avian JJ Carriers NNS with IN Quality NP of IN Service NP RFC NP 2550 CD . SENT Y NP 10 NP K NP and CC Beyond NP RFC NP 2551 CD . SENT The DT Roman NP Standards NP Process NN Revision NN III NP RFC NP 2555 CD . SENT 30 CD Years NNS of IN RFCs NP RFC NP 2626 CD . SENT The DT Internet NN and CC the DT Millennium NN Problem NN Year NN 2000 CD Top JJ 10 CD TLDs NNS by IN Host NN . SENT com NN , , net NN , , edu NP , , jp NN , , uk NP , , mil NN , , us PP , , de NP , , ca MD , , au FW Hacks NNS of IN the DT Year NN . SENT Star NP Wars NP 8 CD Jan NP , , . SENT tp NP Jan NP , , USIA NP 23 CD Jan NP , , E NP Bay NP 13 NP Mar NP , , US NP Senate NP 27 NP May NP , , NSI NP 2 CD Jul NN , , Paraguay NP Gov't NP 20 CD Jul NN , , AntiOnline NP 5 CD Aug NN , , Microsoft NP 26 CD Oct NP , , UK NP Railtrack NP 31 CD Dec NP Technologies NPS of IN the DT Year NN . SENT E NP Trade NP , , Online JJ Banking NP , , MP NN 3 CD Emerging NP Technologies NPS . SENT Net JJ Cell NN Phones NNS , , Thin NP Computing NP , , Embedded VVN Computing NP Viruses NNS of IN the DT Year NN . SENT Melissa NP March NP , , ExploreZip NP June NP 2000 CD s PP 2000 JJ The DT US NP timekeeper NN USNO NP and CC a DT few JJ other JJ time NN services NNS around IN the DT world NN report VV the DT new JJ year NN as IN 19100 CD on IN 1 CD Jan NP A DT massive JJ denial NN of IN service NN attack NN is VBZ launched VVN against IN major JJ web NN sites NNS , , including VVG Yahoo NN , , Amazon NP , , and CC eBay NN in IN early JJ February NP Web NP size NN estimates NNS by IN NEC NP RI NP and CC Inktomi NP surpass VVP 1 CD billion CD indexable JJ pages NNS ICANN NP redelegates VVZ the DT . SENT pn NN domain NN , , returning VVG it PP to TO the DT Pitcairn NP Island NP community NN February NP Internet NP 2 CD backbone NN network NN deploys VVZ IPv NP 6 CD 16 CD May NP Various JJ domain NN name NN hijackings NNS took VVD place NN in IN late JJ May NP and CC early JJ June NP , , including VVG internet NN . SENT com NN , , bali NP . SENT com NN , , and CC web NN . SENT net JJ A DT testbed NN allowing VVG the DT registration NN of IN domain NN names NNS in IN Chinese JJ , , Japanese JJ , , and CC Korean NP begins VVZ operation NN on IN 9 CD November NP . SENT This DT testbed NN , , created VVN by IN VeriSign NP without IN IETF NP authorization NN , , only RB allows VVZ the DT second JJ level NN domain NN to TO be VB non JJ English NNS , , still RB forcing VVG use NN of IN . SENT com NN , , . SENT net JJ , , . SENT org NP . SENT The DT Chinese JJ government NN blocks VVZ internal JJ registrations NNS , , stating VVG that IN registrations NNS in IN Chinese JJ are VBP its PP$ sovereignty NN right NN ICANN NP selects VVZ new JJ TLDs NNS . SENT . SENT aero NN , , . SENT biz NN , , . SENT coop NN , , . SENT info NN , , . SENT museum NN , , . SENT name NN , , . SENT pro NN 16 CD Nov NP Mexico's NP connection NN to TO Internet NP 2 CD becomes VVZ fully RB operational JJ as IN the DT California NP research NN network NN CalREN NP 2 CD is VBZ connected VVN with IN Mexico's NP Corporaci NP n NN Universitaria NP para NN el NN Desarrollo NP de NP Internet NP CUDI NP network NN . SENT Though IN connected VVN in IN November NP , , the DT link's JJ inauguration NN by IN California's NP Governor NP and CC Mexico's NP President NP was VBD not RB until IN March NP of IN 2001 CD . SENT After IN months NNS of IN legal JJ proceedings NNS , , the DT French JJ court NN rules NNS Yahoo NN . SENT must MD block VV French JJ users NNS from IN accessing VVG hate NN memorabilia NNS in IN its PP$ auction NN site NN Nov NP . SENT Given VVN its PP$ inability NN to TO provide VV such PDT a DT block NN on IN the DT Internet NN , , Yahoo NN . SENT removes VVZ those DT auctions NNS entirely RB Jan NP 2001 CD . SENT The DT case NN is VBZ eventually RB thrown VVN out IN Feb NN 2003 CD . SENT The DT European JJ Commission NP contracts NNS with IN a DT consortium NN of IN 30 CD national JJ research NN networks NNS for IN the DT development NN of IN G NP ant NN , , Europe's JJ new JJ gigabit NN research NN network NN meant VVD to TO enhance VV the DT current JJ capability NN provided VVN by IN TEN CD 155 CD 6 CD Nov NP Australian JJ government NN endorses VVZ the DT transfer NN of IN authority NN for IN the DT . SENT au FW domain NN to TO auDA NP 18 CD Dec NP . SENT ICANN NP signs NNS over IN control NN to TO auDA NN on IN 26 CD Oct NP 2001 CD . SENT RFC NP 2795 CD . SENT The DT Infinite JJ Monkey NN Protocol NP Suite NP Hacks NNS of IN the DT Year NN . SENT RSA NP Security NP Feb NN , , Apache NP May NP , , Western NP Union NP Sep NP , , Microsoft NP Oct NP Technologies NPS of IN the DT Year NN . SENT ASP NN , , Napster NP Emerging NP Technologies NPS . SENT Wireless NP devices NNS , , IPv NP 6 CD Viruses NNS of IN the DT Year NN . SENT Love NP Letter NP May NP Lawsuits NN of IN the DT Year NN . SENT Napster NP , , DeCSS NP 2001 CD The DT first JJ live JJ distributed VVN musical JJ The DT Technophobe NP The DT Madman NN over IN Internet NP 2 CD networks NNS debuts VVZ on IN 20 CD Feb NN VeriSign NP extends VVZ its PP$ multilingual JJ domain NN testbed VVN to TO encompass VV various JJ European JJ languages NNS 26 CD Feb NN , , and CC later RBR the DT full JJ Unicode NP character NN set VVD 5 CD Apr NN opening VVG up RP most JJS of IN the DT world's JJ languages NNS Forwarding NN email NP in IN Australia NP becomes VVZ illegal JJ with IN the DT passing NN of IN the DT Digital NP Agenda NP Act NP , , as IN it PP is VBZ seen VVN as IN a DT technical JJ infringement NN of IN personal JJ copyright NN 4 CD Mar NP Radio NP stations NNS broadcasting VVG over IN the DT Web NP go VVP silent JJ over IN actor NN royalty NN disputes VVZ 10 CD Apr NP High NP schools NNS in IN five CD states NNS Michigan NP , , Missouri NP , , Oregon NP , , Virginia NP , , and CC Washington NP become VVP the DT first JJ to TO gain VV Internet NP 2 CD access NN SETI NP Home NP launches VVZ on IN 17 CD May NP and CC within IN four CD weeks NNS its PP$ distributed VVN Internet NN clients NNS provide VVP more JJR computing NN power NN than IN the DT most RBS powerful JJ supercomputer NN of IN its PP$ time NN . SENT par NN . SENT US NP Dept NP of IN Commerce NP issues NNS a DT notice NN of IN intent NN on IN 6 CD April NP to TO turn VV over RP management NN for IN the DT . SENT edu NN domain NN from IN VeriSign NP to TO Educause NP . SENT Award NN agreement NN is VBZ reached VVN on IN 29 CD October NP . SENT Community NN colleges NNS will MD finally RB be VB able JJ to TO register VV under IN . SENT edu NP Napster NP keeps VVZ finding VVG itself PP embroiled VVN in IN litigation NN and CC is VBZ eventually RB forced VVN to TO suspend VV service NN . SENT it PP comes VVZ back RB later RBR in IN the DT year NN as IN a DT subscription NN service NN European NP Council NP finalizes VVZ an DT international JJ cybercrime NN treaty NN on IN 22 CD June NP and CC adopts VVZ it PP on IN 9 CD November NP . SENT This DT is VBZ the DT first JJ treaty NN addressing VVG criminal JJ offenses NNS committed VVN over IN the DT Internet NN . SENT . SENT biz NN and NP . SENT info NN are VBP added VVN to TO the DT root NN server NN on IN 27 CD June NP with IN registrations NNS beginning VVG in IN July NP . SENT . SENT biz NN domain NN go VVP live VV on IN 7 CD Nov NP . SENT Afghanistan's NP Taliban NP bans VVZ Internet NN access NN country NN wide JJ , , including VVG from IN Government NN offices NNS , , in IN an DT attempt NN to TO control VV content JJ 13 CD Jul NP Code NP Red NP worm NN and CC Sircam NP virus NN infiltrate VV thousands NNS of IN web NN servers NNS and CC email NP accounts NNS , , respectively RB , , causing VVG a DT spike NN in IN Internet NN bandwidth NN usage NN and CC security NN breaches NNS July NP A DT fire NN in IN a DT train NN tunnel NN running VVG through IN Baltimore NP , , Maryland NP seriously RB damages VVZ various JJ fiber NN optic JJ cable NN bundles NNS used VVN by IN backbone NN providers NNS , , disrupting VVG Internet NN traffic NN in IN the DT Mid NP Atlantic NP states NNS and CC creating VVG a DT ripple JJ effect NN across IN the DT US NP 18 CD Jul NP Brazil NP RNP NP 2 CD is VBZ connected VVN to TO Internet NP 2 CD s PP Abilene NP over IN 45 CD Mbps NP line NN 21 CD Aug NN G NP ANT NN , , the DT pan VV European NP Gigabit NP Research NP and CC Education NP Network NP , , becomes VVZ operational JJ 23 CD Oct NP , , replacing VVG the DT TEN CD 155 CD network NN which WDT was VBD closed VVN down RP 30 CD Nov NP . SENT museum NN begins VVZ resolving VVG Nov NP First NP uncompressed VVD real JJ time NN gigabit NN HDTV NN transmission NN across IN a DT wide JJ area NN IP NP network NN takes VVZ place NN on IN Internet NP 2 CD 12 CD Nov NP . SENT Dutch NP SURFnet NP and CC Internet NP 2 CD s PP Abilene NP connect VVP via IN gigabit JJ ethernet NP 15 CD Nov NP . SENT us PP domain NN operational JJ responsibility NN assumed VVN by IN NeuStar NP 20 CD Nov NP RFC NP 3091 CD . SENT Pi NN Digit NN Generation NP Protocol NP RFC NP 3092 CD . SENT Etymology NN of IN Foo NP RFC NP 3093 CD . SENT Firewall NN Enhancement NN Protocol NP FEP NP Viruses NNS of IN the DT Year NN . SENT Code NP Red NP Jul NP , , Nimda NP Sep NP , , SirCam NP Jul NP , , BadTrans NP Apr NP , , Nov NP Emerging NP Technologies NPS . SENT Grid NN Computing NP , , P NN 2 CD P NN 2002 CD US NP ISP NP Association NP USISPA NP is VBZ created VVN from IN the DT former JJ CIX NP 11 CD Jan NP . SENT name NN begins VVZ resolving VVG 15 CD Jan NP . SENT coop NN registrations NNS begin VVP 30 CD Jan NP Global NP Terabit NP Research NP Network NP GTRN NP is VBZ formed VVN composed VVN of IN two CD OC NN 48 CD 2 CD . SENT 4 CD GB NP circuits NNS connecting VVG Internet NP 2 CD Abiline NP , , CANARIE NP CA MD net VV 3 CD , , and CC G NP ANT NN 18 CD Feb NN . SENT aero NN registrations NNS begin VVP 18 CD March NP and CC beings NNS resolving VVG 2 CD September NP Federally RB recognized VVD US NP Indian NP tribes NNS become VVP eligible JJ to TO register VV under IN . SENT gov NP 26 CD Apr NN Hundreds NNS of IN Internet NN radio NN stations NNS observe VVP a DT Day NN of IN Silence NN in IN protest NN of IN proposed VVN song NN royalty NN rate NN increases VVZ 1 CD May NP Abilene NP Internet NP 2 CD backbone NN deploys VVZ native JJ IPv NP 6 CD 5 CD Aug NN The DT 69 CD 8 CD IP NP range NN is VBZ allocated VVN to TO ARIN NP in IN August NP after IN having VHG been VBN in IN the DT bogon NN list NN . SENT users NNS and CC servers NNS assigned VVN a DT 69 CD 8 CD address NN find VVP themselves PP blocked VVD from IN many JJ Internet NN sites NNS Internet NP 2 CD now RB has VHZ 200 CD university NN , , 60 CD corporate JJ , , and CC 40 CD affiliate NN members NNS 2 CD Sep NN Having VHG your PP$ own JJ Blog NN becomes VVZ hip NN Hundreds NNS of IN Spain NP based VVN web NN sites NNS take VVP their PP$ content JJ offline NN in IN protest NN of IN a DT new JJ law NN that WDT took VVD effect NN on IN 12 CD Oct NP requiring VVG all DT commercial JJ Web NP sites NNS to TO register VV with IN the DT government NN A DT distributed VVN denial NN of IN service NN DDoS NP attack NN struck VVD the DT 13 CD DNS NP root NN servers NNS knocking VVG out RP all DT but CC 5 CD 21 CD 23 CD Oct NP . SENT Amidst IN national JJ security NN concerns NNS , , VeriSign NP hastens VVZ a DT planned JJ relocation NN of IN one CD of IN its PP$ two CD DNS NP root NN servers NNS A DT new JJ US NP law NN creates VVZ a DT kids NNS safe JJ dot VVP kids NNS domain NN kids NNS . SENT us PP to TO be VB implemented VVN in IN 2003 CD 3 CD Dec NP The DT FBI NP teams NNS up RB with IN Terras NNS Lycos NP to TO disseminate VV virtual JJ wanted JJ posts NNS across IN the DT Web NP portal's NP properties NNS 11 CD Dec NP RFC NP 3251 CD . SENT Electricity NN over IN IP NP RFC NP 3252 CD . SENT Binary JJ Lexical JJ Octet NN Ad NP hoc FW Transport NP 2003 CD Public NP Interest NN Registry NN PIR NP takes VVZ over RP as RB . SENT org NP registry NN operator NN on IN 1 CD Jan NP . SENT Transition NN is VBZ completed VVN on IN 27 CD Jan NP . SENT By IN giving VVG up RP . SENT org NP , , VeriSign NP is VBZ able JJ to TO retain VV control NN over RP . SENT com NN domains NNS The DT first JJ official JJ Swiss JJ online JJ election NN takes VVZ place NN in IN Ani NN res NNS 7 CD Jan NP The DT registration NN for IN domain NN ogrish NNS . SENT com NN is VBZ deleted VVN 11 CD Jan NP by IN the DT German JJ registrar NN Joker NN . SENT com NN at IN the DT request NN of IN a DT German JJ prosecutor NN claiming VVG objectionable JJ content NN . SENT the DT site NN however RB is VBZ hosted VVD in IN the DT United NP States NPS and CC complies VVZ with IN US NP laws NNS . SENT The DT SQL NP Slammer NN worm NN causes VVZ one CD of IN the DT largest JJS and CC fastest JJS spreading VVG DDoS NP attacks NNS ever RB . SENT Taking VVG roughly RB 10 CD minutes NNS to TO spread VV worldwide RB , , the DT worm NN took VVD down RB 5 CD of IN the DT 13 CD DNS NP root NN servers NNS along RB with IN tens NNS of IN thousands NNS of IN other JJ servers NNS , , and CC impacted VVN a DT multitude NN of IN systems NNS ranging VVG from IN bank NN ATM NN systems NNS to TO air VV traffic NN control NN to TO emergency NN 911 CD systems NNS 25 CD Jan NP . SENT This DT is VBZ followed VVN in IN August NP by IN the DT Sobig NP . SENT F SYM virus NN 19 CD Aug NN , , the DT fastest JJS spreading VVG virus NN ever RB , , and CC the DT Blaster NP MSBlast NP worm NN 11 CD Aug NN , , another DT one NN of IN the DT most RBS destructive JJ worms NNS ever RB k NN . SENT root NN servers NNS . SENT net JJ changes NNS to TO using VVG nsd JJ vs NP . SENT bind NN to TO increase VV diversity NN of IN software NN in IN the DT root NN name NN server NN system NN 19 CD Feb NN . SENT nl NN registrations NNS open VVP up RP to TO anyone NN , , including VVG individuals NNS and CC foreigners NNS 29 JJ Jan NP . SENT . SENT se FW also RB opens VVZ up RP its PP$ registration NN in IN April NP . SENT . SENT af NN is VBZ redelegated VVN on IN 8 CD Jan NP and CC becomes VVZ live VV once RB again RB on IN 12 CD Feb NN with IN UNDP JJ technical JJ assistance NN . SENT First JJ domains NNS are VBP moc NP . SENT gov NP . SENT af NNS and CC undp NN . SENT org NP . SENT af NNS 15 CD Feb NN . SENT pro JJ sunrise NN registration NN begins VVZ 23 CD Apr NN under IN . SENT cpa NN . SENT pro JJ , , . SENT law NN . SENT pro JJ , , . SENT med NP . SENT pro JJ Flash NP mobs NNS , , organized VVN over IN the DT Net NN , , start NN in IN New NP York NP and CC quickly RB form VV in IN cities NNS worlwide JJ Taxes NNS make VVP headlines NNS as RB . SENT larger JJR US NP Internet NN retailers NNS begin VVP collecting VVG taxes NNS on IN all DT purchases NNS . SENT some DT US NP states NNS tax NN Internet NN bandwidth NN . SENT and CC the DT EU NP requires VVZ all DT Internet NN companies NNS to TO collect VV value NN added JJ tax NN VAT NN on IN digital JJ downloads NNS starting VVG 1 CD July NP The DT French JJ Ministry NP of IN Culture NP bans VVZ the DT use NN of IN the DT word NN e SYM mail NN by IN government NN ministries NNS , , and CC adopts VVZ the DT use NN of IN the DT more RBR French JJ sounding VVG courriel NN Jul NP KRNIC NP begins VVZ offering VVG Hangeul NP . SENT kr NP domains NNS 19 CD Aug NN . SENT kids NNS . SENT us PP sunrise NN registration NN begins VVZ 17 CD June NP and CC public JJ registration NN on IN 9 CD Sep NN The DT Recording NP Industry NP Association NP of IN America NP RIAA NP sues VVZ 261 CD individuals NNS on IN 8 CD Sep NN for IN allegedly RB distributing VVG copyright NN music NN files VVZ over RB peer VV to TO peer VV networks NNS VeriSign NP deploys VVZ a DT wildcard NN service NN Site NN Finder NP into IN the DT . SENT com NN and NP . SENT net JJ TLDs NNS causing VVG much JJ confusion NN as IN URLs NNS with IN invalid JJ domains NNS are VBP redirected VVN to TO a DT VeriSign NP page NN 15 CD Sep NN . SENT ICANN NP orders NNS VeriSign NP to TO stop VV the DT service NN , , which WDT they PP comply VV with IN on IN 4 CD Oct NP Last JJ Abilene NP segment NN upgraded VVD to TO 10 CD Gbps NP 5 CD Nov NP National NP LambdaRail NP announced VVD as IN a DT new JJ US NP R NP D NP networking NN infrastructure NN 16 CD Sep NN . SENT The DT first JJ connection NN takes VVZ place NN between IN Pittsburgh NP Supercomputing NP Center NP PSC NP and CC Extensible JJ Terascale NP Facility NP ETF NP in IN Chicago NP 18 CD Nov NP Little NP GLORIAD NP Global NP Ring NP Network NP for IN Advanced NP Application NN Development NP starts VVZ operations NNS 22 CD Dec NP , , consisting VVG of IN a DT networked VVN ring NN across IN the DT northern JJ hemisphere NN with IN connections NNS in IN Chicago NP , , Amsterdam NP , , Moscow NP , , Novosibirsk NP , , Zabajkal'sk NP , , Manzhouli NP , , Beijing NP , , and CC Hong NP Kong NP . SENT This DT is VBZ the DT first JJ ever RB fiber NN network NN connections NNS across IN the DT Russia NP China NP border NN RFC NP 3514 CD . SENT The DT Security NP Flag NN in IN the DT IPv NP 4 CD Header NN The DT Evil JJ Bit NN 2004 CD For IN the DT first JJ time NN , , there EX are VBP more JJR instances NNS of IN DNS NP root NN servers NNS outside IN the DT US NP with IN the DT launch NN of IN an DT anycast JJ instance NN of IN the DT RIPE JJ NCC NN operated VVN K NP root NN server NN Abiline NP , , the DT Internet NP 2 CD backbone NN , , upgrade NN from IN 2 CD . SENT 5 CD Gbps NNS to TO 10 CD Gbps NNS is VBZ completed VVN 4 CD Feb NN Network NN Solutions NNS begins VVZ offering VVG 100 CD year NN domain NN registration NN 24 CD Mar NP One CD of IN the DT . SENT ly NP nameservers NNS stops NNS responding VVG 7 CD Apr NN causing VVG the DT other JJ nameserver NN to TO go VV offline NN 9 CD Apr NN , , making VVG the DT domain NN inaccessible JJ . SENT Service NP is VBZ restored VVN 13 CD Apr NP VeriSign NP Naming NN and CC Directory NN Service NP VNDS NP begins VVZ updating VVG all DT 13 CD . SENT com NN . SENT net JJ authoritative JJ name NN servers NNS in IN near JJ real JJ time NN vs NP . SENT twice RB each DT day NN 8 CD Sep NP Lycos NP Europe NP releases VVZ a DT screen NN saver NN to TO help VV fight NN spam NN by IN keeping VVG spam NN servers NNS busy JJ with IN requests NNS 1 CD Dec NP . SENT The DT service NN is VBZ discontinued VVN within IN a DT few JJ days NNS after IN backbone NN providers NNS block NN access NN to TO the DT download NN site NN and CC the DT service NN causese NN some DT servers NNS to TO crash NN . SENT CERNET NP 2 CD , , the DT first JJ backbone NN IPv NP 6 CD network NN in IN China NP , , is VBZ launched VVN by IN the DT China NP Education NP and CC Research NP Network NP CERN NP connecting VVG 25 CD universities NNS in IN 20 CD cities NNS at IN speeds NNS of IN 1 CD 10 CD Gbps NP 27 CD Dec NP If IN you PP enjoy VVP the DT Timeline NN or CC make VV use NN of IN it PP in IN some DT way NN , , please VV consider VV a DT contribution NN . SENT Growth NP Internet NP Networks NPS WWW NP USENET NP Security NP Internet NP growth NN . SENT Date NN Hosts NNS Date NN Hosts VVZ Networks NP Domains NNS 12 CD 69 CD 4 CD 07 JJ 89 CD 130 CD , , 000 CD 650 CD 3 CD , , 900 CD 06 CD 70 JJ 9 CD 10 CD 89 CD 159 CD , , 000 CD 837 CD 10 JJ 70 CD 11 CD 10 JJ 90 CD 313 CD , , 000 CD 2 CD , , 063 CD 9 CD , , 300 CD 12 CD 70 JJ 13 CD 01 CD 91 CD 376 CD , , 000 CD 2 CD , , 338 CD 04 CD 71 CD 23 CD 07 JJ 91 CD 535 CD , , 000 CD 3 CD , , 086 CD 16 CD , , 000 CD 10 CD 72 JJ 31 CD 10 CD 91 CD 617 CD , , 000 CD 3 CD , , 556 CD 18 CD , , 000 CD 01 CD 73 JJ 35 CD 01 CD 92 CD 727 CD , , 000 CD 4 CD , , 526 CD 06 CD 74 JJ 62 CD 04 CD 92 CD 890 CD , , 000 CD 5 CD , , 291 CD 20 CD , , 000 CD 03 CD 77 JJ 111 CD 07 CD 92 CD 992 CD , , 000 CD 6 CD , , 569 CD 16 CD , , 300 CD 12 CD 79 JJ 188 CD 10 CD 92 CD 1 CD , , 136 CD , , 000 CD 7 CD , , 505 CD 18 CD , , 100 CD 08 CD 81 JJ 213 CD 01 CD 93 CD 1 CD , , 313 CD , , 000 CD 8 CD , , 258 CD 21 CD , , 000 CD 05 CD 82 JJ 235 CD 04 CD 93 CD 1 CD , , 486 CD , , 000 CD 9 CD , , 722 CD 22 CD , , 000 CD 08 CD 83 JJ 562 CD 07 CD 93 CD 1 CD , , 776 CD , , 000 CD 13 CD , , 767 CD 26 CD , , 000 CD 10 CD 84 CD 1 CD , , 024 CD 10 CD 93 CD 2 CD , , 056 CD , , 000 CD 16 CD , , 533 CD 28 CD , , 000 CD 10 CD 85 CD 1 CD , , 961 CD 01 CD 94 CD 2 CD , , 217 CD , , 000 CD 20 CD , , 539 CD 30 CD , , 000 CD 02 CD 86 CD 2 CD , , 308 CD 07 CD 94 CD 3 CD , , 212 CD , , 000 CD 25 CD , , 210 CD 46 CD , , 000 CD 11 CD 86 CD 5 CD , , 089 CD 10 CD 94 CD 3 CD , , 864 CD , , 000 CD 37 CD , , 022 CD 56 CD , , 000 CD 12 CD 87 CD 28 CD , , 174 CD 01 CD 95 CD 4 CD , , 852 CD , , 000 CD 39 CD , , 410 CD 71 CD , , 000 CD 07 CD 88 CD 33 CD , , 000 CD 07 CD 95 CD 6 CD , , 642 CD , , 000 CD 61 CD , , 538 CD 120 CD , , 000 CD 10 CD 88 CD 56 CD , , 000 CD 01 CD 96 CD 9 CD , , 472 CD , , 000 CD 93 CD , , 671 CD 240 CD , , 000 CD 01 CD 89 CD 80 CD , , 000 CD 07 CD 96 CD 12 CD , , 881 CD , , 000 CD 134 CD , , 365 CD 488 CD , , 000 CD 01 CD 97 CD 16 CD , , 146 CD , , 000 CD 828 CD , , 000 CD 07 CD 97 CD 19 CD , , 540 CD , , 000 CD 1 CD , , 301 CD , , 000 CD see VVP Note NN below RB Hosts VVZ a DT computer NN system NN with IN registered JJ ip NP address VV an DT A NP record NN Networks NNS registered VVD class NN A DT B NP C NP addresses NNS Domains NNS registered VVD domain NN name NN with IN name NN server NN record NN Note NN . SENT A DT more RBR accurate JJ survey NN mechanism NN was VBD developed VVN in IN 1 CD 98 CD . SENT new JJ and CC some DT corrected VVN numbers NNS are VBP shown VVN below RB . SENT For IN further JJR info NN , , see VV Sources NNS section NN . SENT Date NN Hosts VVZ Date NN Hosts NNS Date NN Hosts VVZ 01 CD 95 CD 5 CD , , 846 CD , , 000 CD 07 CD 98 CD 36 CD , , 739 CD , , 000 CD 01 CD 02 CD 147 CD , , 344 CD , , 723 CD 07 CD 95 CD 8 CD , , 200 CD , , 000 CD 01 CD 99 CD 43 CD , , 230 CD , , 000 CD 07 CD 02 CD 162 CD , , 128 CD , , 493 CD 01 CD 96 CD 14 CD , , 352 CD , , 000 CD 07 CD 99 CD 56 CD , , 218 CD , , 000 CD 01 CD 03 CD 171 CD , , 638 CD , , 297 CD 07 CD 96 CD 16 CD , , 729 CD , , 000 CD 01 CD 00 CD 72 CD , , 398 CD , , 092 CD 01 CD 04 CD 233 CD , , 101 CD , , 481 CD 01 CD 97 CD 21 CD , , 819 CD , , 000 CD 07 CD 00 CD 93 CD , , 047 CD , , 785 CD 07 CD 04 CD 285 CD , , 139 CD , , 107 CD 07 CD 97 CD 26 CD , , 053 CD , , 000 CD 01 CD 01 CD 109 CD , , 574 CD , , 429 CD 01 CD 05 CD 317 CD , , 646 CD , , 084 CD 01 CD 98 CD 29 CD , , 670 CD , , 000 CD 07 CD 01 CD 125 CD , , 888 CD , , 197 CD 07 CD 05 CD 353 CD , , 284 CD , , 187 CD Figure NN . SENT Internet NP Hosts VVZ click NN here RB for IN a DT chart NN showing VVG the DT logarithmic JJ growth NN of IN the DT Internet NN Figure NN . SENT Internet NP Domains NNS Figure NN . SENT Internet NP Networks NPS Worldwide NP Networks NPS Growth NP . SENT I NP nternet NP B NP ITNET NP U NP UCP NP F NP IDONET NP O NP SI NP Countries NP Countries NPS Date NN I NP B NP U NP F NP O NP Date NN I NP B NP U NP F NN O NP 09 CD 91 CD 31 JJ 47 CD 79 CD 49 JJ 02 CD 94 CD 62 JJ 51 CD 125 CD 88 JJ 31 CD 12 CD 91 JJ 33 CD 46 CD 78 JJ 53 CD 07 CD 94 JJ 75 CD 52 CD 129 JJ 89 CD 31 CD 02 JJ 92 CD 38 CD 46 JJ 92 CD 63 CD 11 JJ 94 CD 81 CD 51 JJ 133 CD 95 CD 04 JJ 92 CD 40 CD 47 JJ 90 CD 66 CD 25 JJ 02 CD 95 CD 86 JJ 48 CD 141 CD 98 JJ 08 CD 92 CD 49 JJ 46 CD 89 CD 67 JJ 26 CD 06 CD 95 JJ 96 CD 47 CD 144 JJ 99 CD 01 CD 93 JJ 50 CD 50 CD 101 JJ 72 CD 31 CD 06 JJ 96 CD 134 CD 146 JJ 108 CD 04 CD 93 JJ 56 CD 51 CD 107 JJ 79 CD 31 CD 07 JJ 97 CD 171 CD 147 JJ 108 CD 08 CD 93 JJ 59 CD 51 CD 117 JJ 84 CD 31 CD Figure NN . SENT Worldwide NP Networks NPS Growth NP WWW NP Growth NP . SENT 12 CD 90 CD 1 CD 09 JJ 98 CD 3 CD , , 156 CD , , 324 CD 02 CD 02 CD 38 CD , , 444 CD , , 856 CD 12 CD 91 JJ 10 CD 10 CD 98 CD 3 CD , , 358 CD , , 969 CD 03 CD 02 CD 38 CD , , 118 CD , , 962 CD 12 CD 92 JJ 50 CD 11 CD 98 CD 3 CD , , 518 CD , , 158 CD 04 CD 02 CD 37 CD , , 585 CD , , 233 CD 06 CD 93 JJ 130 CD 12 CD 98 CD 3 CD , , 689 CD , , 227 CD 05 CD 02 CD 37 CD , , 574 CD , , 105 CD 09 CD 93 JJ 204 CD 01 CD 99 CD 4 CD , , 062 CD , , 280 CD 06 CD 02 CD 38 CD , , 807 CD , , 788 CD 10 CD 93 JJ 228 CD 02 CD 99 CD 4 CD , , 301 CD , , 512 CD 07 CD 02 CD 37 CD , , 235 CD , , 470 CD 12 CD 93 JJ 623 CD 03 CD 99 CD 4 CD , , 349 CD , , 131 CD 08 CD 02 CD 35 CD , , 991 CD , , 815 CD 06 CD 94 CD 2 CD , , 738 CD 04 CD 99 CD 5 CD , , 040 CD , , 663 CD 09 CD 02 CD 35 CD , , 756 CD , , 436 CD 12 CD 94 CD 10 CD , , 022 CD 05 CD 99 CD 5 CD , , 414 CD , , 325 CD 10 CD 02 CD 35 CD , , 114 CD , , 328 CD 06 CD 95 CD 23 CD , , 500 CD 06 CD 99 CD 6 CD , , 177 CD , , 453 CD 11 CD 02 CD 35 CD , , 686 CD , , 907 CD 01 CD 96 CD 100 CD , , 000 CD 07 CD 99 CD 6 CD , , 598 CD , , 697 CD 12 CD 02 CD 35 CD , , 543 CD , , 105 CD 03 CD 96 CD 135 CD , , 396 CD 08 CD 99 CD 7 CD , , 078 CD , , 194 CD 01 CD 03 CD 35 CD , , 424 CD , , 956 CD 04 CD 96 CD 150 CD , , 295 CD 09 CD 99 CD 7 CD , , 370 CD , , 929 CD 02 CD 03 CD 35 CD , , 863 CD , , 952 CD 05 CD 96 CD 193 CD , , 150 CD 10 CD 99 CD 8 CD , , 115 CD , , 828 CD 03 CD 03 CD 39 CD , , 174 CD , , 349 CD 06 CD 96 CD 252 CD , , 000 CD 11 CD 99 CD 8 CD , , 844 CD , , 573 CD 04 CD 03 CD 40 CD , , 100 CD , , 739 CD 07 CD 96 CD 299 CD , , 403 CD 12 CD 99 CD 9 CD , , 560 CD , , 866 CD 05 CD 03 CD 40 CD , , 444 CD , , 778 CD 08 CD 96 CD 342 CD , , 081 CD 01 CD 00 CD 9 CD , , 950 CD , , 491 CD 06 CD 03 CD 40 CD , , 936 CD , , 076 CD 09 CD 96 CD 397 CD , , 281 CD 02 CD 00 CD 11 CD , , 161 CD , , 811 CD 07 CD 03 CD 42 CD , , 298 CD , , 371 CD 10 CD 96 CD 462 CD , , 047 CD 03 CD 00 CD 13 CD , , 106 CD , , 190 CD 08 CD 03 CD 42 CD , , 807 CD , , 275 CD 11 CD 96 CD 525 CD , , 906 CD 04 CD 00 CD 14 CD , , 322 CD , , 950 CD 09 CD 03 CD 43 CD , , 144 CD , , 374 CD 12 CD 96 CD 603 CD , , 367 CD 05 CD 00 CD 15 CD , , 049 CD , , 382 CD 10 CD 03 CD 43 CD , , 700 CD , , 759 CD 01 CD 97 CD 646 CD , , 162 CD 06 CD 00 CD 17 CD , , 119 CD , , 262 CD 11 CD 03 CD 44 CD , , 946 CD , , 965 CD 02 CD 97 CD 739 CD , , 688 CD 07 CD 00 CD 18 CD , , 169 CD , , 498 CD 12 CD 03 CD 45 CD , , 980 CD , , 112 CD 03 CD 97 CD 883 CD , , 149 CD 08 CD 00 CD 19 CD , , 823 CD , , 296 CD 01 CD 04 CD 46 CD , , 067 CD , , 743 CD 04 CD 97 CD 1 CD , , 002 CD , , 612 CD 09 CD 00 CD 21 CD , , 166 CD , , 912 CD 02 CD 04 CD 47 CD , , 173 CD , , 415 CD 05 CD 97 CD 1 CD , , 044 CD , , 163 CD 10 CD 00 CD 22 CD , , 282 CD , , 727 NP 03 CD 04 CD 48 CD , , 038 CD , , 131 CD 06 CD 97 CD 1 CD , , 117 CD , , 259 CD 11 CD 00 CD 23 CD , , 777 CD , , 446 CD 04 CD 04 CD 49 CD , , 750 CD , , 568 CD 07 CD 97 CD 1 CD , , 203 CD , , 096 CD 12 CD 00 CD 25 CD , , 675 CD , , 581 CD 05 CD 04 CD 50 CD , , 550 CD , , 965 CD 08 CD 97 CD 1 CD , , 269 CD , , 800 CD 01 CD 01 CD 27 CD , , 585 CD , , 719 CD 06 CD 04 CD 51 CD , , 635 CD , , 284 CD 09 CD 97 CD 1 CD , , 364 CD , , 714 CD 02 CD 01 CD 28 CD , , 125 CD , , 284 CD 07 CD 04 CD 52 CD , , 131 CD , , 889 CD 10 CD 97 CD 1 CD , , 466 CD , , 906 CD 03 CD 01 CD 28 CD , , 611 CD , , 177 CD 08 CD 04 CD 53 CD , , 341 CD , , 867 CD 11 CD 97 CD 1 CD , , 553 CD , , 998 CD 04 CD 01 CD 28 CD , , 669 CD , , 939 CD 09 CD 04 CD 54 CD , , 407 CD , , 216 CD 12 CD 97 CD 1 CD , , 681 CD , , 868 CD 05 CD 01 CD 29 CD , , 031 CD , , 745 CD 10 CD 04 CD 55 CD , , 388 CD , , 466 CD 01 CD 98 CD 1 CD , , 834 CD , , 710 CD 06 CD 01 CD 29 CD , , 302 CD , , 656 CD 11 CD 04 CD 56 CD , , 115 CD , , 015 CD 02 CD 98 CD 1 CD , , 920 CD , , 933 CD 07 CD 01 CD 31 CD , , 299 CD , , 592 CD 12 CD 04 CD 56 CD , , 923 CD , , 737 CD 03 CD 98 CD 2 CD , , 084 CD , , 473 CD 08 CD 01 CD 30 CD , , 775 CD , , 624 CD 01 CD 05 CD 58 CD , , 194 CD , , 836 CD 04 CD 98 CD 2 CD , , 215 CD , , 195 CD 09 CD 01 CD 32 CD , , 398 CD , , 046 CD 02 CD 05 CD 59 CD , , 100 CD , , 880 CD 05 CD 98 CD 2 CD , , 308 CD , , 502 CD 10 CD 01 CD 33 CD , , 135 CD , , 768 CD 03 CD 05 CD 60 CD , , 442 CD , , 655 CD 06 CD 98 CD 2 CD , , 410 CD , , 067 CD 11 CD 01 CD 36 CD , , 458 CD , , 394 CD 04 CD 05 CD 62 CD , , 286 CD , , 451 CD 07 CD 98 CD 2 CD , , 594 CD , , 622 CD 12 CD 01 CD 36 CD , , 276 CD , , 252 CD 05 CD 05 CD 63 CD , , 532 CD , , 742 CD 08 CD 98 CD 2 CD , , 807 CD , , 588 CD 01 CD 02 CD 36 CD , , 689 CD , , 008 CD 06 CD 05 CD 64 CD , , 808 CD , , 485 CD 07 CD 05 CD 67 CD , , 571 CD , , 581 CD 08 CD 05 CD 70 CD , , 392 CD , , 567 CD Sites NP of IN web NN servers NNS one NN host NN may MD have VH multiple JJ sites NNS by IN using VVG different JJ domains NNS or CC port NN numbers NNS Figure NN . SENT WWW NP Growth NP click NN here RB for IN a DT chart NN showing VVG the DT logarithmic JJ growth NN of IN the DT Web NP USENET NP Growth NP . SENT Date NN Sites NP MB NP Posts VVZ Groups NNS Date VVP Sites NP MB NP Posts VVZ Groups NNS 1979 CD 3 CD 2 CD 3 CD 1987 CD 5 CD , , 200 CD 2 CD 957 JJ 259 CD 1980 CD 15 JJ 10 CD 1988 CD 7 CD , , 800 CD 4 CD 1933 JJ 381 CD 1981 CD 150 CD 0 CD . SENT 05 CD 20 JJ 1990 CD 33 CD , , 000 CD 10 CD 4 CD , , 500 CD 1 CD , , 300 CD 1982 CD 400 JJ 35 CD 1991 CD 40 CD , , 000 CD 25 CD 10 CD , , 000 CD 1 CD , , 851 CD 1983 CD 600 JJ 120 CD 1992 CD 63 CD , , 000 CD 42 CD 17 CD , , 556 CD 4 CD , , 302 CD 1984 CD 900 JJ 225 CD 1993 CD 110 CD , , 000 CD 70 CD 32 CD , , 325 CD 8 CD , , 279 CD 1985 CD 1 CD , , 300 CD 1 CD . SENT 0 CD 375 JJ 1994 CD 180 CD , , 000 CD 157 CD 72 CD , , 755 CD 10 CD , , 696 CD 1986 CD 2 CD , , 200 CD 2 CD . SENT 0 CD 946 CD 241 JJ 1995 CD 330 CD , , 000 CD 586 CD 131 CD , , 614 CD approximate JJ . SENT MB NP megabytes NNS per IN day NN , , Posts VVZ articles NNS per IN day NN Security NP CERT NN US NP CERT NN Stats NNS . SENT Date NN Incidents NNS Advisories NNS Vulnerabilities NNS Tech NP Alerts VVZ 1988 CD 6 CD 1 CD 1989 JJ 132 CD 7 CD 1990 JJ 252 CD 12 CD 1991 JJ 406 CD 23 CD 1992 JJ 773 CD 21 CD 1993 CD 1 CD , , 334 CD 19 CD 1994 CD 2 CD , , 340 CD 15 CD 1995 CD 2 CD , , 412 CD 18 CD 171 JJ 1996 CD 2 CD , , 573 CD 27 CD 345 JJ 1997 CD 2 CD , , 134 CD 28 CD 311 JJ 1998 CD 3 CD , , 734 CD 13 CD 262 JJ 1999 CD 9 CD , , 859 CD 17 CD 417 JJ 2000 CD 21 CD , , 756 CD 22 CD 774 JJ 2001 CD 52 CD , , 658 CD 37 CD 2 CD , , 437 CD 2002 CD 82 CD , , 094 CD 37 CD 4 CD , , 129 CD 2003 CD 137 CD , , 529 CD 28 CD 3 CD , , 784 CD 2004 CD 1 CD 3 CD Q NP 2 CD , , 683 CD 22 CD Hobbes NP Internet NP Timeline NN FAQ NP 1 CD . SENT How WRB do VVP I PP get VV Hobbes NP Internet NP Timeline NN . SENT The DT Timeline NN is VBZ archived VVN at IN http NN . SENT www JJ . SENT zakon NN . SENT org NP robert NP internet NP timeline NN . SENT There EX are VBP no DT authorized JJ mirrors VVZ for IN the DT Timeline NN . SENT 2 LS . SENT Is VBZ the DT Timeline NN available JJ in IN other JJ languages NNS or CC editions NNS . SENT Chinese JJ Big NP 5 CD by IN Tony NP Mao NP Chinese NP GB NP by IN Guo NP Li NP French NP by IN Didier NP Mainguy NP German NP by IN Michael NP Kaul NP Italian NP by IN Ivo NP Aceto NP Japanese NP Korean NP by IN Keonho NP Lee NP , , KNIC NP Persian NP Farsi NN PDF NN by IN Rahi NP Moosavi NP Portuguese NP by IN Simone NP Villas NP Boas NP Russian NP by IN Stanislav NP Korotygin NP Spanish NP by IN Pablo NP Ibarrolaza NP Monica NP Piazza NP If IN you PP are VBP interested JJ in IN translating VVG to TO another DT language NN or CC format NN , , email NP me FW first RB 3 CD . SENT Can MD I PP re IN print NN the DT Timeline NN or CC use NN parts NNS of IN it PP for IN . SENT . SENT . SENT . SENT Drop VV me PP an DT email NP . SENT The DT answer NN is VBZ most RBS likely JJ though IN don't NN assume VV yes UH for IN non JJ profit NN use NN , , and CC maybe RB for IN for IN profit NN . SENT but CC to TO be VB sure JJ you PP are VBP not RB going VVG to TO break VV any DT copyright NN laws NNS , , drop VV me PP an DT email NP and CC wait VV for IN a DT reply NN . SENT Also RB , , please VV note NN that IN I PP get VVP a DT bunch NN of IN requests NNS with IN improperly RB formatted VVN return NN email NP addresses VVZ . SENT If IN you PP don't VVD hear VV from IN me PP in IN a DT week NN typical JJ turn NN around RB is VBZ 1 CD hour NN , , check VV your PP$ header NN and CC email NP again RB . SENT BTW NP , , don't JJ forget VVP to TO tell VV me PP who WP you PP are VBP , , your PP$ affiliation NN and CC how WRB you PP plans VVZ to TO use VV the DT Timeline NN . SENT anonymous JJ copyright NN requests NNS will MD not RB be VB granted VVN . SENT 4 LS . SENT What WP do VVP you PP do VVP when WRB not RB updating VVG the DT Timeline NN . SENT For IN fun NN . SENT travel NN , , photography NN , , R NP C NP boats NNS , , developing VVG technology NN prototypes NNS ranging VVG from IN robots NNS , , speech NN to TO speech NN translators NNS , , and CC an DT assortment NN of IN Web NP capabilities NNS and CC outdoor JJ activities NNS . SENT Professionally RB . SENT evangelize VV research NN develop VV advanced JJ Internet NN , , Web NP , , e NN commerce NN and CC multilingual JJ computing NN technologies NNS . SENT Explore VV www JJ . SENT Zakon NP . SENT org VVG to TO learn VV more RBR . SENT 0 CD . SENT Peddie NP Ala NP Viva NP . SENT , , CWRU NP North NP Side NP , , Amici NP usque NN ad NN aras NP PKP NP OH UH EP NNS , , Col NN gio NP Andrews NPS Rio NP , , Gordonstoun NP Elgin NP E NP mail VV me PP if IN you PP know VVP Sources NNS Hobbes NP Internet NP Timeline NN was VBD compiled VVN from IN a DT number NN of IN sources NNS , , with IN some DT of IN the DT stand NN outs VVZ being NN . SENT Cerf NP , , Vinton NP as RB told VVD to TO Bernard NP Aboba NP . SENT How WRB the DT Internet NN Came VVD to TO Be VB . SENT This DT article NN appears VVZ in IN The DT Online JJ User's NP Encyclopedia NN , , by IN Bernard NP Aboba NP . SENT Addison NP Wesley NP , , 1993 CD . SENT Hardy NP , , Henry NP . SENT The DT History NN of IN the DT Net NN . SENT Master's NP Thesis NN , , School NP of IN Communications NPS , , Grand NP Valley NP State NP University NP . SENT http NN . SENT www JJ . SENT vrx NN . SENT net JJ usenet NN history NN hardy JJ Hardy NP , , Ian NP . SENT The DT Evolution NN of IN ARPANET NP email NP . SENT History NN Thesis NN , , UC NP Berkeley NP . SENT http NN . SENT www JJ . SENT ifla NN . SENT org NP documents NNS internet NN hari NP 1 CD . SENT txt NN Hauben NP , , Ronda NP and CC Michael NP . SENT The DT Netizens NP and CC the DT Wonderful JJ World NN of IN the DT Net NN . SENT http NN . SENT www JJ . SENT columbia NP . SENT edu NP hauben NP netbook NN Kulikowski NP , , Stan NP II NP . SENT A DT Timeline NN of IN Network NP History NN . SENT author's NP email NP below IN Quarterman NP , , John NP . SENT The DT Matrix NN . SENT Computer NP Networks NPS and CC Conferencing VVG Systems NP Worldwide NP . SENT Bedford NP , , MA NN . SENT Digital NP Press NP . SENT 1990 CD ARPANET NP , , the DT Defense NP Data NP Network NP , , and CC Internet NP . SENT Encyclopedia NN of IN Communications NP , , Volume NN 1 CD . SENT Editors NNS . SENT Fritz NP Froehlich NP , , Allen NP Kent NP . SENT New NP York NP . SENT Marcel NP Dekker NP , , Inc NP . SENT 1991 CD Internet NN growth NN summary NN compiled VVN from IN . SENT Zone NN program NN reports NNS maintained VVN by IN Mark NP Lottor NP at IN . SENT ftp NN . SENT ftp NN . SENT nw JJ . SENT com NN pub NN zone NN Note NN . SENT A DT more RBR accurate JJ host NN counting VVG mechanism NN was VBD used VVN starting VVG with IN 1 CD 98 CD count NN . SENT Now RB available JJ at IN . SENT http NN . SENT www JJ . SENT isc NN . SENT org NP Connectivity NN table NN maintained VVN by IN Larry NP Landweber NP at IN . SENT ftp NN . SENT ftp NN . SENT cs NP . SENT wisc NP . SENT edu NN connectivity NN table NN ARPAnet NP maps NNS published VVN in IN various JJ sources NNS WWW NP growth NN summary NN compiled VVN from IN . SENT Web NN growth NN summary NN page NN by IN Matthew NP Gray NP of IN MIT NP . SENT http NN . SENT www JJ . SENT mit NP . SENT edu NN people NNS mkgray NN net JJ web NN growth NN summary NN . SENT html NP Netcraft NP at IN http NN . SENT www JJ . SENT netcraft NN . SENT com NN survey NN USENET NP growth NN summary NN compiled VVN from IN Quarterman NP and CC Hauben NP sources NNS above IN , , and CC news NN . SENT lists NNS postings NNS . SENT Lots NNS of IN historical JJ USENET NP postings NNS also RB provided VVN by IN Tom NP Fitzgerald NP fitz NP wang NP . SENT com NN . SENT CERT NN growth NN summary NN compiled VVN from IN CERT NN reports NNS at IN ftp NN . SENT ftp NN . SENT cert NN . SENT org NP CERT NN stats NNS are VBP also RB now RB being VBG made VVN available JJ by IN CERT NN at IN http NN . SENT www JJ . SENT cert NN . SENT org NP stats NNS cert NN stats NNS . SENT html NN Many JJ of IN the DT URLs NNS provided VVN by IN Arnaud NP Dufour NP arnaud NP . SENT dufour NP hec NP . SENT unil NP . SENT ch NN Country NN specific JJ Internet NN Histories NNS . SENT Australia NP A NP Brief NP History NN of IN the DT Internet NN in IN Australia NP by IN Roger NP Clarke NP http NN . SENT www JJ . SENT anu NP . SENT edu NN . SENT au NP people NNS Roger NP . SENT Clarke NP II NP OzIHist NN . SENT html NP Australia NP It PP Started VVD with IN a DT Ping NP by IN Jennie NP Sinclair NP http NN . SENT www JJ . SENT anu NP . SENT edu NN . SENT au NP people NNS Roger NP . SENT Clarke NP II NP Anniv NP . SENT html NP Brazil NP Linha NP to TO Tempo NN da NP Internet NP no DT Brasil NP by IN rico NP Guizzo NP http NN . SENT www JJ . SENT ciberespaco NN . SENT com NN . SENT br NP inetbr NP Finland NP History NN of IN the DT Internet NN in IN Finland NP http NN . SENT www JJ . SENT isoc NN . SENT fi NP internet NP internethistory JJ finland NP . SENT html NP South NP Africa NP The DT History NN of IN the DT Internet NN in IN South NP Africa NP How WRB it PP began VVD http NN . SENT www NP 2 CD . SENT frd NN . SENT ac NNS . SENT za NN uninet NN history NN UK NP Early RB Experiences VVZ with IN the DT ARPANET NP and CC INTERNET NP in IN the DT UK NP by IN Peter NP Kirstein NP http NN . SENT www JJ . SENT cs NP . SENT ucl NN . SENT ac NNS . SENT uk NP staff NN jon NP arpa NP internet NP history NN . SENT html JJ Additional JJ books NNS of IN interest NN . SENT How WRB the DT Web NP Was VBD Born VVN The DT Story NN of IN the DT World NP Wide NP Web NP by IN James NP Gillies NP and CC Robert NP Cailliau NP Weaving NP the DT Web NP . SENT The DT Original JJ Design NP and CC Ultimate NP Destiny NP of IN the DT World NP Wide NP Web NP by IN its PP$ Inventor NN by IN Tim NP Berners NP Lee NP Where WRB Wizards NNS Stay NP Up IN Late NP . SENT The DT Origins NNS of IN the DT Internet NN by IN Katie NP Hafner NP Matthew NP Lyon NP Nerds NNS 2 CD . SENT 0 CD . SENT 1 CD . SENT A DT Brief NP History NN of IN the DT Internet NN by IN Stephen NP Segaller NP Architects NPS of IN the DT Web NP . SENT 1 CD , , 000 CD Days NNS That DT Built VVN the DT Future NP of IN Business NP by IN Robert NP H NP . SENT Reid NP Netizens NP . SENT On IN the DT History NN and CC Impact NN of IN Usenet NP and CC the DT Internet NN by IN Michael NP Hauben NP et CC al NP Exploring VVG the DT Internet NN . SENT A DT Technical JJ Travelogue NN by IN Carl NP Malamud NP Early RB works VVZ of IN interest NN . SENT As IN We PP May MD Think VV by IN Vannevar NP Bush NP , , 1945 CD http NN . SENT www JJ . SENT theatlantic JJ . SENT com NN unbound VVD flashbks NNS computer NN bushf NN . SENT htm NP Man NP Computer NP Symbiosis NN by IN J NP . SENT C SYM . SENT R SYM . SENT Licklider NP , , 1960 CD http NN . SENT gatekeeper NN . SENT dec NP . SENT com NN pub NN DEC NP SRC NP research NN reports NNS abstracts NNS src NP rr NP 061 CD . SENT html JJ Assorted JJ early JJ documents NNS http NN . SENT www JJ . SENT cs NP . SENT utexas NNS . SENT edu NN users NNS chris NP think VVP digital JJ archive NP . SENT html NN Contributors NNS to TO Hobbes NP Internet NP Timeline NN have VHP their PP$ initials NNS next JJ to TO the DT contributed VVN items NNS in IN the DT form NN . SENT zzz NP . SENT and CC are VBP . SENT ad NN 1 CD Arnaud NP Dufour NP arnaud NP . SENT dufour NP hec NP . SENT unil NP . SENT ch NN amk NN Alex NP McKenzie NP mckenzie NP bbn NN . SENT com NN bb NP 1 CD Billy NP Brackenridge NP billyb NP microsoft NP . SENT com NN bt NN 1 CD Brad NP Templeton NP btm NN templetons NNS . SENT com NN clg NN C NP . SENT Lee NP Giles NP giles NP research NN . SENT nj NP . SENT nec NN . SENT com NN dhr NN David NP H NP . SENT Rothman NP davidrothman NP yahoo NN . SENT com NN dk NP 1 CD Daniel NP Karrenberg NP Daniel NP . SENT Karrenberg NP ripe JJ . SENT net JJ ec NP 1 CD Eric NP Carroll NP eric NN enfm NP . SENT utcc NN . SENT utoronto NN . SENT ca MD esr NP Eric NP S NP . SENT Raymond NP esr NP locke NP . SENT ccil NN . SENT org NP feg NP Farrell NP E NP . SENT Gerbode NP farrell NP is VBZ . SENT rice NN . SENT edu NP gb NP 1 CD Gordon NP Bell NP GBell NP microsoft NP . SENT com NN gck NN Gary NP C NP . SENT Kessler NP kumquat NN sover NN . SENT net JJ glg NN Gail NP L NP . SENT Grant NP grant NN glgc NN . SENT com NN gmc NN Grant NP McCall NP g NN . SENT mccall NP unsw NP . SENT edu NN . SENT au NP gst NP Graham NP Thomas NP G NP . SENT S NP . SENT Thomas NP uel NNS . SENT ac NNS . SENT uk NP irh NP Ian NP R NP Hardy NP hardy JJ uclink NP 2 CD . SENT berkeley NP . SENT edu NP jap NP Jean NP Armour NP Polly NP mom NN netmom NN . SENT com NN jg NN 1 CD Jim NP Gaynor NP gaynor NP niherlas NNS . SENT com NN kf NN 1 CD Ken NP Fockler NP fockler NP hq NP . SENT canet NN . SENT ca MD kf NN 2 CD Kinming NP Fung NP kinming JJ cuhk NN . SENT edu NN . SENT hk NN lb NN 1 CD Larry NP Backman NP backman NP ultranet NN . SENT com NN lhl NP Larry NP H NP . SENT Landweber NP lhl NP cs NP . SENT wisc NP . SENT edu NP mpc NP Mellisa NP P NN . SENT Chase NP pc NN mitre NN . SENT org NP msh NP Michael NP S NP . SENT Hart NP hart NP pobox NN . SENT com NN par NN Pierre NP A NP Renaud NP yendred JJ videotron NP . SENT ca MD pb VV 1 CD Paul NP Burchard NP burchard NP cs NP . SENT princeton NP . SENT edu NP pds VVZ Peter NP da NP Silva NP peter NN baileynm NN . SENT com NN ph NN 1 CD Peter NP Hoffman NP hoffman NP ece NN . SENT nps NNS . SENT navy NN . SENT mil NN rab NP Roger NP A NP . SENT Bielefeld NP rab NP hal NP . SENT cwru NN . SENT edu NP rm NP 1 CD Rahi NP Moosavi NP info NN farsi NN freelance NN . SENT com NN sc NN 1 CD Susan NP Calcari NP susanc NN is VBZ . SENT internic JJ . SENT net JJ sk NN 2 CD Stan NP Kulikowski NP stankuli NN uwf NN . SENT bitnet NN see VVP sources NNS section NN sw NP 1 CD Stephen NP Wolff NP swolff NN cisco NN . SENT com NN tb NN 1 CD Tim NP Burress NP tim NP twics NN . SENT com NN tp NN 1 CD Tim NP Pozar NP pozar NN kumr NN . SENT lns NNS . SENT com NN vgc NN Vinton NP Cerf NP vcerf NP isoc NN . SENT org NNS see VVP sources NNS section NN wz NP 1 CD W NP . SENT Zorn NP zorn NP ira NP . SENT uka NP . SENT de NP zby NP Zenel NP Batagelj NP zenel NN . SENT batagelj NP uni NN lj NN . SENT si NP . SENT . SENT . SENT . SENT . SENT . SENT . SENT Help VV the DT Author NN . SENT . SENT . SENT . SENT . SENT . SENT . SENT Thank VV you PP to TO the DT thousands NNS of IN Net JJ folks NNS who WP contributed VVD information NN to TO help VV the DT author's JJ genealogical JJ search NN , , yielding VVG 45 CD new JJ Zakon's NP from IN around IN the DT world NN . SENT Archive NP name NN . SENT Hobbes NP Internet NP Timeline NN Version NP . SENT 8 CD . SENT 1 CD Archive NP location NN . SENT http NN . SENT www JJ . SENT zakon NN . SENT org NP robert NP internet NP timeline NN Last JJ updated VVN . SENT 28 CD August NP 2005 CD Maintainer NN . SENT Robert NP H'obbes NP Zakon NP , , timeline NN Zakon NP . SENT org NP , , www NP . SENT Zakon NP . SENT org NP Description NN . SENT An DT Internet NN timeline NN highlighting VVG some DT of IN the DT key JJ events NNS and CC technologies NNS that WDT helped VVD shape VV the DT Internet NN as IN we PP know VVP it PP today NN . SENT