/Users/andrea/_magisterarbeit/korpus/clean/trainkorpus/23/file5.html NN ----------------------------------------- : subscribe VV back JJ issues NNS search NN maps NNS July NP 2005 CD Contents NNS Korean JJ blues NNS United NP States NPS . SENT the DT slide NN to TO disorder NN My PP$ country NN , , tis NNS of IN thee NP EU NP . SENT democracy NN begins VVZ at IN home NN Europe NP s PP inflexible JJ bank NN Arab JJ spring NN . SENT late JJ and CC cold JJ Constructive JJ instability NN Iran NP and CC Iraq NP . SENT the DT limits NNS on IN Shia NP power NN Palestine NP . SENT the DT economy NN of IN despair NN A DT short JJ guide NN to TO the DT Shias NNS Syria NP . SENT a DT monopoly NN on IN democracy NN Kosovo NP s VVZ rival JJ histories NNS Cinema NN of IN the DT heart NN France NP . SENT return NN of IN the DT convicts VVZ The DT song NN of IN the DT T NN shirt NN The DT Middle NP East NP dossier NN Arab JJ spring NN . SENT late JJ and CC cold JJ The DT Arab JJ world NN is VBZ in IN a DT social JJ , , economic JJ and CC political JJ crisis NN . SENT Authoritarian JJ regimes NNS are VBP monopolising VVG power NN while IN their PP$ peoples NNS dream VVP of IN democracy NN . SENT And CC military JJ interventions NNS will MD not RB help VV . SENT By IN Gilbert NP Achcar NP THREE CD recent JJ events NNS have VHP marked VVN the DT Middle NP East NP . SENT The DT death NN of IN Yasser NP Arafat NP on IN 11 CD November NP 2004 CD , , followed VVN by IN the DT election NN of IN Mahmoud NP Abbas NP as IN the DT president NN of IN the DT Palestinian JJ Authority NP on IN 9 CD January NP . SENT a DT big JJ turnout NN in IN the DT Iraqi JJ elections NNS on IN 30 CD January NP with IN the DT majority NN of IN voters NNS taking VVG part NN . SENT and CC the DT assassination NN of IN the DT former JJ prime JJ minister NN of IN Lebanon NP , , Rafik NP Hariri NP , , on IN 14 CD February NP , , which WDT prompted VVD big JJ protests NNS demanding VVG the DT departure NN of IN Syrian JJ troops NNS from IN Lebanon NP and CC an DT end NN to TO heavy JJ handed VVN control NN by IN Damascus NP over IN Beirut NP s PP affairs NNS . SENT There EX have VHP been VBN other JJ less CC important JJ events NNS , , such JJ as IN the DT municipal JJ elections NNS in IN Saudi NP Arabia NP split VVD into IN three CD stages NNS from IN February NP to TO April NP and CC the DT announcement NN by IN Egypt NP s PP president NN , , Hosni NP Mubarak NP , , of IN a DT reform NN of IN the DT presidential JJ election NN . SENT Voters NNS will MD be VB able JJ to TO choose VV between IN several JJ candidates NNS , , whereas IN previously RB parliament NN named VVD a DT single JJ candidate NN , , subsequently RB ratified VVN by IN plebiscite NN . SENT The DT conjunction NN of IN these DT events NNS , , hailed VVN by IN some DT observers NNS as IN an DT Arab JJ spring NN , , has VHZ prompted VVN considerable JJ interest NN in IN the DT world NN press NN , , much RB of IN it PP touchingly RB naive JJ . SENT Many JJ former JJ critics NNS of IN George NP Bush NP have VHP seized VVN the DT opportunity NN to TO admit VV the DT error NN of IN their PP$ ways NNS and CC acknowledge VVP that IN his PP$ policies NNS produced VVD positive JJ results NNS after IN all DT . SENT His PP$ longstanding JJ supporters NNS made VVD no DT secret NN of IN their PP$ satisfaction NN , , nor CC did VVD Bush NP and CC his PP$ secretary NN of IN state NN , , Condoleezza NP Rice NP . SENT Unfortunately RB , , several JJ stubborn JJ facts NNS contradict VV the DT overall JJ impression NN . SENT For IN instance NN , , Arafat NP , , having VHG been VBN democratically RB elected VVN by IN universal JJ suffrage NN , , repeatedly RB demanded VVD the DT right NN to TO organise VV new JJ Palestinian JJ elections NNS . SENT But CC he PP was VBD denied VVN that IN right NN , , simply RB because IN the DT Palestinians NPS would MD certainly RB have VH elected VVN him PP again RB . SENT Only RB massive JJ public JJ mobilisation NN in IN January NP 2004 CD , , in IN response NN to TO a DT call NN by IN the DT grand JJ ayatollah NN Ali NP al NP Sistani NP , , secured VVD the DT principle NN of IN elections NNS in IN Iraq NP . SENT This DT was VBD a DT setback NN for IN the DT US NP administrator NN , , Paul NP Bremer NP , , and CC his PP$ masters NNS in IN Washington NP , , who WP were VBD determined VVN to TO set VV up RP a DT constituent JJ assembly NN appointed VVN by IN the DT US NP . SENT As RB for IN the DT opposition NN s PP impressive JJ mobilisation NN in IN Lebanon NP , , the DT murder NN of IN Hariri NP triggered VVD it PP , , not RB anything NN Washington NP did VVD , , unless IN we PP are VBP to TO suppose VV the DT US NP was VBD in IN some DT way NN responsible JJ for IN the DT attack NN . SENT In IN the DT case NN of IN US NP client NN regimes NNS , , such JJ as IN the DT Saudi JJ protected JJ kingdom NN or CC Egypt NP , , the DT main JJ recipient NN of IN US NP foreign JJ aid NN after IN Israel NP 1 CD , , pressure NN from IN Washington NP is VBZ directly RB responsible JJ for IN reform NN . SENT But CC it PP is VBZ a DT very RB narrow JJ view NN of IN democratisation NN that WDT boasts VVZ of IN Saudi JJ elections NNS in IN which WDT only JJ male JJ voters NNS were VBD asked VVN to TO choose VV half PDT the DT complement VV of IN municipal JJ councillors NNS , , the DT other JJ half NN being VBG appointed VVN by IN the DT monarchy NN , , in IN a DT country NN without IN a DT parliament NN and CC where WRB political JJ parties NNS are VBP prohibited VVN . SENT As RB for IN the DT reform NN promised VVN by IN the DT Egyptian JJ president NN , , it PP in IN no DT way NN constitutes VVZ a DT step NN towards IN real JJ democracy NN . SENT The DT new JJ law NN , , passed VVN by IN parliament NN on IN 10 CD May NP and CC ratified VVD on IN 25 CD May NP by IN a DT referendum NN condemned VVN by IN the DT opposition NN , , is VBZ framed VVN to TO exclude VV candidates NNS not RB approved VVD by IN the DT president NN in IN person NN . SENT To TO enter VV the DT race NN , , candidates NNS must MD be VB sponsored VVN by IN 250 CD elected VVN officials NNS , , including VVG at IN least JJS 65 CD members NNS of IN parliament NN , , where WRB Mubarak NP s PP National NP Democratic NP party NN holds VVZ 412 CD out IN of IN 454 CD seats NNS . SENT The DT region NN is VBZ still RB far RB from IN democracy NN . SENT The DT United NP Nations NPS Development NP Programme NN UNDP NP has VHZ just RB published VVN a DT devastating JJ report NN on IN the DT state NN of IN freedoms NNS in IN the DT Arab JJ countries NNS 2 CD , , which WDT focuses VVZ on IN civil JJ rights NNS in IN the DT broad JJ sense NN , , embracing VVG civil JJ and CC political JJ liberty NN , , and CC social JJ , , economic JJ , , educational JJ and CC environmental JJ rights NNS . SENT The DT latest JJS publication NN is VBZ the DT third JJ in IN a DT series NN of IN four CD 3 CD . SENT As IN it PP did VVD last JJ year NN , , to TO Washington NP s PP continuing VVG discomfort NN 4 CD , , it PP singles NNS out IN Israeli JJ occupation NN of IN the DT Palestinian JJ territories NNS and CC multinational JJ occupation NN of IN Iraq NP as IN hindrances NNS to TO human JJ development NN in IN the DT Arab JJ world NN . SENT It PP does VVZ , , however RB , , place VV much RB of IN the DT blame NN on IN Arab JJ rulers NNS . SENT Most JJS of IN them PP , , with IN authoritarian JJ or CC traditional JJ , , religion NN based VVN , , regimes NNS , , deny VVP basic JJ rights NNS . SENT freedom NN of IN speech NN , , expression NN and CC association NN . SENT With IN the DT extra JJ excuse NN of IN the DT war NN on IN terrorism NN , , repression NN is VBZ all PDT the DT more RBR severe JJ . SENT The DT report NN describes VVZ the DT lack NN of IN democratic JJ legitimacy NN of IN most JJS Arab JJ regimes NNS , , which WDT pervert NN elections NNS and CC representative NN bodies NNS by IN cheating NN on IN the DT rules NNS of IN the DT game NN . SENT Only RB rarely RB does VVZ the DT judiciary NN enjoy VVP any DT real JJ independence NN from IN government NN , , and CC in IN many JJ cases NNS it PP operates VVZ exclusively RB through IN exceptional JJ courts NNS . SENT Many JJ obstacles NNS keep VVP opposition NN parties NNS , , when WRB tolerated VVN , , on IN the DT sidelines NNS of IN politics NNS . SENT There EX is VBZ no DT idea NN of IN habeas NNS corpus NN for IN the DT citizens NNS of IN Arab JJ countries NNS , , nor CC yet RB a DT guarantee NN of IN their PP$ right NN to TO life NN , , caught VVN in IN the DT crossfire NN between IN violent JJ extremist NN groups NNS and CC government NN forces NNS unconcerned JJ about IN innocent JJ lives NNS . SENT Women NNS and CC cultural JJ , , religious JJ or CC ethnic JJ minorities NNS suffer VVP double JJ subjugation NN , , persecution NN specific JJ to TO their PP$ group NN besides IN general JJ oppression NN . SENT The DT modern JJ Arab JJ state NN , , in IN the DT political JJ sense NN , , the DT report NN says VVZ , , runs VVZ close JJ to TO this DT astronomical JJ model NN , , whereby WRB the DT executive JJ apparatus NN resembles VVZ a DT black JJ hole NN which WDT converts VVZ its PP$ surrounding JJ social JJ environment NN into IN a DT setting NN in IN which WDT nothing NN moves NNS and CC from IN which WDT nothing NN escapes VVZ 5 CD . SENT With IN the DT gradual JJ loss NN of IN forms NNS of IN traditional JJ or CC charismatic JJ , , religious JJ or CC nationalist JJ legitimacy NN , , political JJ life NN has VHZ been VBN stripped VVN of IN any DT substance NN , , leaving VVG a DT vacuum NN that IN organisations NNS of IN civil JJ society NN have VHP failed VVN to TO fill VV . SENT The DT report NN does VVZ not RB restrict VV itself PP to TO describing VVG symptoms NNS . SENT It PP also RB offers VVZ diagnosis NN of IN the DT causes NNS of IN the DT Arab JJ democratic JJ deficit NN . SENT In IN keeping VVG with IN a DT recent JJ comparative JJ international JJ report NN 6 CD , , it PP rejects VVZ culturalist NN explanations NNS , , rooted VVN in IN a DT biased VVN perception NN of IN the DT Orient NN , , Islam NP and CC the DT Arab JJ mindset NN . SENT The DT question NN of IN whether IN Islamic JJ doctrine NN is VBZ compatible JJ with IN democracy NN is VBZ a DT matter NN of IN interpretation NN 7 CD , , and CC many JJ exegeses NNS are VBP actually RB designed VVN to TO suit NN practices NNS not RB originally RB inspired VVN by IN religion NN . SENT The DT behaviour NN of IN global JJ powers NNS in IN the DT Arab JJ world NN is VBZ severely RB criticised VVN . SENT they PP care VVP little RB for IN promoting VVG democracy NN their PP$ prime JJ concerns NNS are VBP oil NN , , the DT state NN of IN Israel NP and CC now RB terrorism NN . SENT At IN the DT same JJ time NN the DT main JJ groups NNS opposing VVG western JJ domination NN , , regardless RB of IN whether IN they PP are VBP Islamist JJ or CC nationalist JJ in IN inspiration NN , , have VHP in IN the DT past NN adopted VVD a DT strictly RB opportunist NN line NN on IN democratic JJ liberties NNS . SENT The DT real JJ or CC imaginary JJ anti JJ democratic JJ character NN of IN some DT Islamist JJ opposition NN movements NNS is VBZ still RB used VVN to TO justify VV the DT refusal NN to TO organise VV elections NNS , , referred VVD to TO by IN the DT report NN as IN the DT the DT trap NN of IN the DT one NN off IN election NN . SENT The DT status NN of IN civil JJ liberties NNS in IN the DT Arab JJ world NN is VBZ linked VVN to TO the DT dominant JJ social JJ organisations NNS . SENT The DT report NN highlights VVZ the DT survival NN of IN traditions NNS rooted VVN in IN tribalism NN and CC an DT education NN system NN that WDT inculcates VVZ voluntary JJ submission NN . SENT Together RB with IN poverty NN and CC increasing VVG social JJ inequality NN , , they PP prevent VVP the DT underprivileged JJ from IN playing VVG a DT part NN in IN politics NNS . SENT The DT rentier NN mode NN of IN production NN , , particularly RB in IN oil NN producing VVG countries NNS , , means VVZ government NN is VBZ not RB accountable JJ to TO tax VV paying VVG subjects NNS . SENT As IN solutions NNS , , the DT UNDP JJ report NN mostly RB offers VVZ conventional JJ remedies NNS to TO the DT shortcomings NNS it PP identifies VVZ , , advocating VVG political JJ , , judicial JJ and CC constitutional JJ reform NN to TO set VV up RP democratic JJ institutions NNS . SENT It PP acknowledges VVZ that DT pressure NN from IN outside NN may MD be VB a DT positive JJ factor NN , , but CC only RB if IN civil JJ rights NNS and CC popular JJ wishes NNS are VBP upheld VVN in IN a DT way NN clear JJ of IN any DT domineering VVG relationship NN . SENT The DT overall JJ picture NN is VBZ most RBS instructive JJ , , even RB if IN it PP contains VVZ little RB that WDT is VBZ really RB new JJ to TO those DT familiar JJ with IN the DT Middle NP East NP . SENT The DT fact NN that IN it PP was VBD published VVN by IN a DT UN NP agency NN and CC written VVN by IN Arab JJ authors NNS , , including VVG several JJ well RB known VVN intellectuals NNS , , makes VVZ it PP a DT valuable JJ tool NN that IN Arab JJ democrats NNS can MD use VV without IN running VVG the DT usual JJ risk NN of IN facing VVG demagogic JJ accusations NNS . SENT However RB , , the DT report NN has VHZ its PP$ shortcomings NNS , , due JJ to TO the DT conditions NNS under IN which WDT it PP was VBD produced VVN and CC because IN it PP was VBD published VVN by IN an DT intergovernmental JJ agency NN . SENT It PP underestimates VVZ the DT fundamental JJ contribution NN of IN satellite NN television NN , , in IN particular JJ the DT pioneering VVG al NP Jazeera NP 8 CD , , to TO the DT emergence NN of IN independent JJ Arab JJ public JJ opinion NN . SENT Its PP$ assessment NN of IN the DT political JJ potential NN of IN Arabic NP speaking VVG peoples NNS is VBZ consequently RB excessively RB gloomy JJ . SENT It PP is VBZ also RB far RB too RB cautious JJ about IN religious JJ matters NNS . SENT Whereas IN separation NN of IN religion NN and CC state NN must MD be VB a DT basic JJ condition NN of IN freedom NN , , the DT report NN goes VVZ so RB far RB as IN to TO consider VV that IN even RB if IN the DT constitution NN of IN a DT country NN designates VVZ the DT sharia NN Islamic JJ law NN as IN a DT basis NN of IN legislation NN this DT may MD still RB be VB consistent JJ with IN human JJ rights NNS . SENT Above IN all DT , , the DT report NN appeals NNS to TO governments NNS and CC their PP$ subjects NNS to TO implement VV the DT necessary JJ changes NNS . SENT To TO avoid VV the DT impending JJ disaster NN that WDT would MD follow VV widespread JJ revolt NN which WDT , , it PP fears VVZ , , would MD only RB lead VV to TO civil JJ war NN reformers NNS in IN government NN and CC civil JJ society NN must MD negotiate VV a DT redistribution NN of IN the DT political JJ stakes NNS in IN order NN to TO achieve VV good JJ governance NN . SENT Given VVN the DT reality NN of IN oppression NN in IN most JJS Arab JJ countries NNS and CC the DT social JJ make VV up RP of IN their PP$ governments NNS this DT seems VVZ remarkably RB unlikely JJ . SENT A DT report NN unfettered JJ by IN institutional JJ constraints NNS would MD be VB more RBR likely JJ to TO conclude VV that IN democratic JJ forces NNS must MD unite VV and CC impose VV radical JJ change NN from IN below RB . SENT As IN history NN has VHZ shown VVN often RB and CC recent JJ events NNS have VHP confirmed VVN , , the DT larger JJR the DT turnout NN , , the DT less JJR need NN for IN any DT bloodshed NN . SENT It PP is VBZ impossible JJ to TO consolidate VV democracy NN without IN a DT major JJ redistribution NN of IN property NN and CC income NN . SENT In IN the DT Middle NP East NP there RB are VBP many JJ patrimonial JJ states NNS where WRB ruling NN families NNS still RB corner VV a DT large JJ share NN of IN national JJ agricultural JJ and CC mineral NN riches NNS . SENT It PP is VBZ consequently RB foolhardy JJ to TO suppose VV that DT concerted JJ action NN in IN partnership NN with IN segments NNS of IN the DT ruling NN classes NNS will MD lead VV to TO the DT lasting JJ establishment NN of IN civil JJ liberties NNS and CC democracy NN . SENT There EX is VBZ no DT more JJR chance NN of IN this DT working NN than IN with IN the DT absolute JJ monarchies NNS that WDT once RB ruled VVD Europe NP or CC the DT bureaucratic JJ dictatorships NNS of IN the DT former JJ Soviet JJ bloc NN . SENT But CC it PP is VBZ a DT far RB worse JJR illusion NN to TO claim VV that DT military JJ intervention NN by IN outside JJ forces NNS , , whether IN followed VVN by IN occupation NN or CC not RB , , may MD usher VV in IN such JJ change NN . SENT Iraq NP is VBZ the DT most RBS glaring JJ example NN of IN how WRB ill RB suited VVN the DT method NN adopted VVN by IN Washington NP is VBZ to TO its PP$ stated JJ aims NNS . SENT The DT political JJ situation NN there EX is VBZ deteriorating VVG with IN worsening VVG tension NN crystallising VVG around IN ethnic JJ and CC sectarian JJ differences NNS . SENT The DT US NP authorities NNS justify VV their PP$ continuing JJ occupation NN by IN claiming VVG that IN pulling VVG out RP the DT troops NNS would MD trigger VV a DT civil JJ war NN . SENT But CC the DT longer JJR occupation NN continues VVZ , , the DT more RBR likely JJ it PP is VBZ that IN their PP$ claim NN becomes VVZ a DT self NN fulfilling VVG prophecy NN . SENT Moreover RB , , the DT spectacle NN of IN the DT chaos NN into IN which WDT Iraq NP is VBZ sinking VVG could MD well RB discredit VV the DT idea NN of IN democracy NN in IN Arab JJ public JJ opinion NN . SENT What WP is VBZ at IN issue NN is VBZ not RB so RB much JJ whether IN military JJ occupation NN is VBZ a DT valid JJ means NN of IN bringing VVG democracy NN to TO the DT Arab JJ world NN since IN it PP is VBZ demonstrably RB counter JJ productive JJ but CC whether IN the DT Bush NP administration NN s PP claims VVZ of IN promoting VVG democracy NN in IN the DT region NN are VBP genuine JJ . SENT The DT double JJ standards NNS Washington NP applies VVZ to TO its PP$ relations NNS with IN Arab JJ regimes NNS should MD be VB enough JJ to TO convince VV us PP that IN despite IN all PDT the DT talk NN about IN a DT new JJ paradigm NN in IN foreign JJ policy NN , , not RB much RB has VHZ really RB changed VVN on IN the DT ground NN 9 CD . SENT Bush NP tells VVZ us PP that IN when WRB he PP invites VVZ the DT leaders NNS of IN nations NNS to TO his PP$ Texas NP ranch NN it PP is VBZ a DT token JJ of IN his PP$ friendship NN . SENT So RB the DT much RB publicised VVN reception NN of IN Saudi NP Arabia NP s PP Crown NP Prince NP Abdullah NP , , including VVG the DT spectacle NN of IN Bush NP walking VVG hand NN in IN hand NN with IN him PP in IN front NN of IN the DT press NN , , is VBZ surely RB instructive JJ . SENT Despite IN the DT kingdom NN being VBG one CD of IN the DT world NN s VVZ most JJS obscurantist NN regimes NNS with IN a DT pitiful JJ record NN on IN women NNS s PP elementary JJ rights NNS , , Washington NP clearly RB still RB sees VVZ it PP as IN a DT key JJ ally NN . SENT In IN December NP 2003 CD all RB that IN the DT Libyan JJ dictator NN Muammar NP Gaddafi NP needed VVD to TO do VV to TO regain VV public JJ acceptance NN was VBD to TO let VV Bush NP and CC Tony NP Blair NP announce VV he PP was VBD giving VVG up RP attempts NNS to TO develop VV weapons NNS of IN mass JJ destruction NN . SENT Blair NP , , Silvio NP Berlusconi NP , , Gerhard NP Schr NP der NP and CC Jacques NP Chirac NP visited VVD Libya NP soon RB after RB . SENT There EX is VBZ no RB denying VVG , , however RB , , that IN by IN kicking VVG the DT Arab JJ anthill NN with IN the DT invasion NN of IN Iraq NP , , followed VVN by IN statements NNS on IN promoting VVG democracy NN , , as IN a DT plausible JJ replacement NN to TO destroying VVG WMDs NP , , the DT US NP has VHZ further RBR undermined VVD the DT stability NN of IN the DT region NN , , bringing VVG to TO the DT surface NN popular JJ discontent NN , , previously RB stifled VVN by IN despotic JJ rule NN 10 CD . SENT We PP are VBP told VVN a DT wave NN of IN democratisation NN is VBZ sweeping VVG through IN the DT Middle NP East NP , , using VVG formulas NNS already RB tried VVN and CC tested VVN in IN former JJ fascist JJ states NNS after IN 1945 CD and CC in IN eastern JJ bloc NN countries NNS after IN 1989 CD . SENT But CC the DT actual JJ results NNS are VBP far RB from IN pleasing VVG to TO Washington NP . SENT The DT present JJ instability NN has VHZ opened VVN cracks NNS through IN which WDT various JJ political JJ forces NNS have VHP slipped VVN , , most JJS of IN which WDT the DT US NP sees VVZ as RB cause VV for IN concern NN or CC openly RB hostile JJ . SENT The DT death NN of IN Arafat NP , , and CC his PP$ replacement NN by IN Mahmoud NP Abbas NP has VHZ led VVN , , for IN lack NN of IN any DT progress NN on IN the DT Israeli JJ side NN , , to TO growing VVG support NN for IN Hamas NP , , a DT Palestinian JJ offshoot NN of IN the DT Muslim JJ Brotherhood NP movement NN . SENT After IN years NNS of IN boycotting VVG elections NNS , , Hamas NP has VHZ decided VVN to TO take VV part NN in IN future JJ votes NNS . SENT In IN Iraq NP the DT elections NNS sidelined VVN Washington NP s PP liege JJ man NN , , the DT former JJ prime JJ minister NN Ayad NP Allawi NP . SENT More RBR importantly RB , , they PP were VBD won VVN by IN a DT coalition NN of IN parties NNS and CC other JJ groups NNS , , most JJS of IN them PP Shia NP Muslims NPS , , and CC fundamentalists NNS to TO boot NN , , more RBR sympathetic JJ to TO Tehran NP than IN to TO Washington NP . SENT The DT show NN of IN force NN by IN Hizbullah NP demonstrators NNS in IN Lebanon NP fuelled VVD mostly RB fanciful JJ fears NNS see VVP The DT limits NNS on IN Shia NP power NN , , page NN 8 CD shared VVN by IN the DT US NP and CC its PP$ Sunni NP allies NNS , , that IN a DT Shia NP crescent NN is VBZ forming VVG from IN Lebanon NP to TO Iran NP , , through IN Syria NP s PP Alawite NP regime NN and CC Iraq NP . SENT Even RB the DT Mubarak NP regime NN in IN Egypt NP has VHZ had VHD to TO face VV a DT wave NN of IN demonstrations NNS led VVN by IN rejuvenated VVN opposition NN groups NNS . SENT Mostly RB dominated VVN by IN the DT Muslim NP Brotherhood NP as IN in IN Jordan NP and CC Syria NP , , they PP are VBP taking VVG their PP$ cue NN from IN events NNS in IN Iraq NP and CC Lebanon NP . SENT At IN the DT heart NN of IN the DT modern JJ school NN of IN directly RB political JJ Islamism NN , , the DT famous JJ brotherhood NN has VHZ decided VVN to TO launch VV a DT region NN wide JJ political JJ offensive NN to TO take VV advantage NN of IN the DT instability NN to TO which WDT Washington NP contributed VVD so RB much RB deliberately RB and CC , , even RB more JJR , , involuntarily RB . SENT Confronted VVN with IN the DT alarming JJ results NNS of IN its PP$ own JJ policy NN the DT Bush NP administration NN , , encouraged VVN by IN Saudi NP Arabia NP but CC much RB to TO the DT disgust NN of IN US NP neoconservatives NNS , , is VBZ trying VVG to TO limit VV the DT damage NN by IN seeking VVG contact NN with IN the DT Muslim NP Brotherhood NP , , now RB presented VVN as IN moderate JJ Islamists NNS , , a DT term NN not RB much RB heard VVN in IN the DT White NP House NP for IN some DT years NNS 11 CD . SENT Once RB again RB , , the DT US NP is VBZ playing VVG the DT unhappy JJ part NN of IN sorcerer NN s PP apprentice VV to TO the DT Middle NP East NP . SENT See VV also RB Constructive JJ instability NN , , by IN Walid NP Charara NP Palestine NP . SENT the DT economy NN of IN despair NN , , by IN Benjamin NP Barthe NP Syria NP . SENT a DT monopoly NN on IN democracy NN , , by IN Samir NP Aita NP A DT short JJ guide NN to TO the DT Shias NNS Iran NP and CC Iraq NP . SENT the DT limits NNS on IN Shia NP power NN , , by IN Ahmad NP Salamatian NP More RBR about IN Gilbert NP Achcar NP . SENT Translated VVN by IN Harry NP Forster NP 1 CD Annual JJ US NP aid NN to TO Egypt NP amounts NNS to TO 2 CD bn NN , , of IN which WDT 1 CD . SENT 3 CD bn NN is VBZ military JJ aid NN , , a DT priority NN that WDT says VVZ much RB about IN a DT country NN still RB suffering VVG from IN terrible JJ poverty NN . SENT 2 LS UNDP JJ with IN Arab JJ partners NNS , , Arab NP Human NP Development NP Report NP 2004 CD , , published VVN on IN 5 CD April NP 2005 CD and CC available JJ for IN downloading NN in IN Arabic NP and CC English NP , , free JJ of IN charge NN in IN Arabic NP at IN www NP . SENT undp NN . SENT org NP . SENT 3 LS The DT report NN published VVN in IN 2002 CD gave VVD a DT comprehensive JJ appraisal NN of IN human JJ development NN in IN the DT Arab JJ world NN , , and CC pinpointed VVN three CD main JJ problems NNS . SENT knowledge NN , , freedom NN and CC women NNS s PP status NN . SENT The DT 2003 CD report NN was VBD devoted VVN to TO building VVG a DT knowledge NN society NN . SENT The DT 2005 CD report NN will MD focus VV on IN women NNS . SENT 4 CD See NP Greater NP Middle NP East NP . SENT the DT US NP plan NN , , Le NP Monde NP diplomatique NN , , English JJ language NN edition NN , , April NP 2004 CD . SENT 5 CD AHDR NP executive NN summary NN . SENT 6 CD World NP Values NNS Survey NP www NP . SENT worldvaluessurvey NP . SENT org NP . SENT 7 CD Even RB Bernard NP Lewis NP , , the DT Princeton NP professor NN , , has VHZ refuted VVD , , on IN many JJ occasions NNS , , the DT idea NN of IN Islam NP being VBG incompatible JJ with IN democracy NN . SENT See VV his PP$ latest JJS comments NNS , , in IN Freedom NP and CC Justice NP in IN the DT Modern NP Middle NP East NP , , Foreign NP Affairs NPS , , vol NP 84 CD , , no RB 3 CD , , May NP June NP 2005 CD . SENT In IN his PP$ case NN , , though RB , , the DT prime JJ concern NN is VBZ to TO justify VV US NP intervention NN in IN the DT Middle NP East NP . SENT Lewis NP supported VVD the DT invasion NN of IN Iraq NP and CC advocates NNS subversion NN of IN the DT regime NN in IN Iran NP , , in IN the DT name NN of IN democracy NN , , the DT new JJ version NN of IN the DT civilising VVG mission NN of IN colonial JJ times NNS . SENT 8 CD See NP Olfa NP Lamloum NP , , Al NP Jazira NP , , miroir NP rebelle NP et CC ambigu NP du NP monde NP arabe NP , , La NP D NP couverte NP , , Paris NP , , 2004 CD . SENT 9 CD This DT article NN restricts VVZ itself PP to TO the DT Arab JJ world NN but CC the DT above JJ comment NN holds VVZ true JJ for IN US NP policy NN all RB over IN the DT Muslim JJ world NN and CC beyond IN . SENT See VV David NP Sanger NP , , There EX s PP democracy NN , , and CC there EX s PP an DT oil NN pipeline NN , , New NP York NP Times NP , , 29 CD May NP 2005 CD . SENT 10 CD See NP Absence NN of IN democracy NN , , Le NP Monde NP diplomatique NN , , English JJ language NN edition NN , , June NP 1997 CD , , which WDT expressed VVD views NNS on IN outside JJ support NN for IN Arab JJ despotism NN , , similar JJ to TO those DT outlined VVN in IN the DT UNDP JJ report NN . SENT 11 CD For IN more JJR on IN the DT debate NN among IN the DT Muslim NP Brotherhood NP on IN Washington NP s PP opening VVG , , see VV www JJ . SENT islamonline NN . SENT net JJ English JJ language NN editorial NN director NN . SENT Wendy NP Kristianasen NP all DT rights NNS reserved VVD 1997 CD 2005 CD Le NP Monde NP diplomatique NN . SENT