/Users/andrea/_magisterarbeit/korpus/clean/trainkorpus/9/file7.html NN ----------------------------------------- : subscribe VV back JJ issues NNS search NN maps NNS November NP 2005 CD Contents NNS The DT spider NN in IN the DT web NN Iran NP needs VVZ nuclear JJ energy NN , , not RB weapons NNS The DT bomb NN proliferates VVZ Which WDT countries NNS will MD go VV nuclear JJ next JJ . SENT Further RBR nuclear JJ information NN US NP . SENT the DT court NN of IN first JJ resort NN Snapshots NNS from IN Russia NP now RB Bolivia NP . SENT an DT Amayra NP for IN president NN Mauritania NP after IN the DT coup NN Mauritania NP . SENT a DT chronology NN Mauritania NP statistics NNS Sierra NP Leone NP s PP court NN of IN reconciliation NN Own JJ or CC share NN . SENT Open JJ sources NNS Cultural JJ diversity NN belongs VVZ to TO us PP all DT China NP buys VVZ into IN Japan NP Goytisolo NP speaks VVZ Goytisolo NP s PP changed VVD perspective NN A DT permanent JJ rebel NN The DT dark JJ grey JJ cloud NN of IN Europe NP The DT spider NN in IN the DT web NN By IN Ignacio NP Ramonet NP THE DT second JJ phase NN of IN the DT World NP Summit NP on IN the DT Information NP Society NP runs VVZ in IN Tunis NP later RBR this DT month NN . SENT Its PP$ first JJ phase NN , , convened VVN by IN the DT United NP Nations NPS and CC organised VVN by IN the DT International NP Telecommunication NN Union NP , , was VBD held VVN in IN Geneva NP in IN December NP 2003 CD and CC focused VVN on IN the DT digital JJ divide NN 1 CD . SENT The DT Tunis NP summit NN s PP main JJ theme NN is VBZ how WRB to TO find VV a DT more RBR democratic JJ regulation NN system NN for IN the DT internet NN . SENT The DT internet NN was VBD invented VVN in IN the DT United NP States NPS during IN the DT cold JJ war NN . SENT The DT Pentagon NP wanted VVD to TO set VV up RP a DT communication NN system NN that WDT would MD survive VV a DT nuclear JJ attack NN and CC allow VV political JJ and CC military JJ leaders NNS those DT who WP were VBD still RB alive JJ to TO regroup VV and CC fight VV back RB . SENT Vinton NP Cerf NP , , still RB studying VVG in IN Los NP Angeles NP at IN the DT time NN , , dreamed VVD up RP and CC worked VVD out RP , , with IN the DT help NN of IN a DT research NN team NN and CC public JJ money NN , , the DT tools NNS and CC protocols NNS of IN a DT revolutionary JJ new JJ means NNS of IN communication NN . SENT But CC access NN to TO this DT embryonic JJ net NN was VBD limited VVN to TO a DT tiny JJ circle NN of IN initiates NNS in IN academia NN , , politics NNS and CC the DT military NN . SENT In IN 1989 CD the DT physicists NNS Tim NP Berners NP Lee NP and CC Robert NP Cailliau NP , , of IN the DT European NP Organisation NP for IN Nuclear NP Research NP in IN Geneva NP , , developed VVD the DT hypertext NN system NN for IN linking VVG documents NNS and CC invented VVD the DT world NN wide JJ web NN . SENT This DT technology NN facilitated VVD information NN distribution NN and CC public JJ access NN to TO the DT net NN , , soon RB to TO expand VV massively RB and CC exponentially RB . SENT Since IN 1998 CD the DT global JJ network NN has VHZ been VBN run VVN by IN the DT Internet NP Corporation NP for IN Assigned JJ Names NPS and CC Numbers NP Icann NP , , a DT private JJ sector NN , , non JJ profit NN organisation NN based VVN in IN Los NP Angeles NP . SENT It PP is VBZ subject JJ to TO California NP law NN and CC supervised VVD by IN the DT US NP Department NP of IN Commerce NP . SENT Icann NP is VBZ the DT net NN s PP mighty JJ switchboard NN . SENT It PP is VBZ equipped VVN with IN 13 CD colossal JJ computers NNS known VVN as IN root NN servers NNS , , 10 CD located VVN in IN the DT US NP four CD in IN California NP and CC six CD near IN Washington NP DC NP while IN the DT others NNS are VBP sited VVN in IN London NP , , Stockholm NP and CC Tokyo NP . SENT Icann NP s PP main JJ role NN is VBZ to TO coordinate VV the DT domain NN name NN system NN DNS NP , , which WDT facilitates VVZ web NN navigation NN . SENT Every DT computer NN that WDT is VBZ connected VVN to TO the DT internet NN has VHZ a DT unique JJ internet NN protocol NN IP NP address NN . SENT In IN their PP$ simple JJ form NN , , these DT addresses NNS are VBP a DT string NN of IN numbers NNS . SENT Since IN numbers NNS are VBP not RB easy JJ to TO remember VV , , the DT DNS NP allows VVZ them PP to TO be VB translated VVN into IN domain NN names NNS of IN words NNS and CC letters NNS . SENT Instead RB of IN typing VVG the DT raw JJ IP NP address NN of IN this DT publication NN into IN your PP$ web NN browser NN , , you PP type NN www JJ . SENT mondediplo NN . SENT com NN . SENT The DT DNS NP then RB converts VVZ the DT domain NN name NN back RB into IN the DT IP NP address NN and CC your PP$ computer NN connects VVZ to TO the DT site NN . SENT Email NP works VVZ by IN the DT same JJ system NN . SENT All PDT this DT happens VVZ at IN lightning NN speed NN and CC on IN a DT planetary JJ scale NN . SENT In IN its PP$ own JJ words NNS , , Icann NP is VBZ dedicated VVN to TO preserving VVG the DT operational JJ stability NN of IN the DT internet NN . SENT to TO promoting VVG competition NN . SENT to TO achieving VVG broad JJ representation NN of IN global JJ internet NN communities NNS . SENT and CC to TO developing VVG policy NN appropriate JJ to TO its PP$ mission NN through IN bottom NN up RB , , consensus NN based VVD processes NNS 2 CD . SENT But CC lately RB there EX has VHZ been VBN less JJR and CC less JJR consensus NN . SENT Challenges NNS to TO US NP control NN of IN the DT worldwide JJ network NN are VBP getting VVG louder JJR and CC stronger JJR . SENT Last JJ September NP there EX was VBD a DT preparatory JJ summit NN in IN Geneva NP , , ahead RB of IN the DT Tunis NP meeting NN , , between IN the DT US NP and CC the DT European NP Union NP . SENT Icann NP s PP contract NN with IN the DT US NP Department NP of IN Commerce NP expires VVZ in IN September NP 2006 CD , , and CC the DT EU NP s VVZ 25 CD states NNS unanimously RB demanded VVD that IN this DT watershed NN be VB the DT occasion NN for IN a DT comprehensive JJ overhaul NN of IN the DT internet NP regulation NN system NN . SENT But CC Washington NP refused VVD to TO countenance VV any DT change NN , , and CC the DT talks NNS got VVD nowhere RB . SENT Though IN not RB always RB for IN the DT same JJ reasons NNS , , Brazil NP , , China NP , , India NP and CC Iran NP all DT share NN the DT EU NP s PP position NN in IN opposing VVG the DT US NP on IN this DT . SENT Some DT countries NNS are VBP even RB threatening VVG to TO create VV their PP$ own JJ national JJ regulation NN bodies NNS , , which WDT could MD lead VV to TO a DT disastrous JJ fragmentation NN of IN the DT net NN . SENT The DT disagreement NN has VHZ a DT geopolitical JJ dimension NN . SENT In IN an DT ever RB more RBR globalised JJ world NN , , communication NN is VBZ a DT precious JJ strategic JJ resource NN see VVP Own JJ or CC share NN . SENT . SENT Its PP$ role NN is VBZ fundamental JJ in IN an DT economy NN so RB dominated VVD by IN the DT non JJ material NN . SENT So RB control NN of IN the DT net NN could MD put VV whoever WP holds VVZ it PP at IN a DT decisive JJ strategic JJ advantage NN . SENT In IN the DT 19 CD th NN century NN control NN of IN sea NN routes NNS ruling VVG the DT waves NNS was VBD at IN the DT heart NN of IN the DT British JJ empire NN s PP enormous JJ power NN . SENT In IN theory NN , , hegemony NN over IN the DT net NN gives VVZ the DT US NP the DT power NN to TO limit VV anyone NN s PP access VV to TO any DT site NN in IN any DT country NN . SENT It PP can MD also RB block VV emails NNS anywhere RB in IN the DT world NN . SENT So RB far RB , , it PP has VHZ never RB done VVN this DT . SENT But CC technically RB it PP could MD , , and CC a DT number NN of IN countries NNS are VBP worried VVN by IN this DT potential NN . SENT So RB this DT is VBZ the DT time NN to TO demand VV that IN Icann NP cease VVP to TO answer VV to TO Washington NP . SENT Instead RB , , it PP should MD be VB turned VVN into IN an DT independent JJ organisation NN under IN UN NP supervision NN . SENT More JJR about IN Ignacio NP Ramonet NP . SENT Translated VVN by IN Gulliver NP Cragg NP 1 CD See NP Ignacio NP Ramonet NP , , Gaps NNS in IN the DT net NN , , Le NP Monde NP diplomatique NN , , English JJ language NN edition NN , , January NP 2004 CD . SENT 2 CD http NN . SENT www JJ . SENT icann NP . SENT org NP and CC http NP . SENT www JJ . SENT icann NP . SENT net NN 3 CD The NP Guardian NP , , London NP , , 11 CD October NP 2005 CD English NP language NN editorial NN director NN . SENT Wendy NP Kristianasen NP all DT rights NNS reserved VVD 1997 CD 2005 CD Le NP Monde NP diplomatique NN . SENT