/Users/andrea/_magisterarbeit/korpus/clean/trainkorpus/22/file_127.html NN ----------------------------------------- : Franklin NP D NP . SENT Roosevelt NP . SENT How WRB his PP$ New NP Deal NP undermined VVD charity NN By IN Marvin NP Olasky NP web NN posted VVD July NP 1999 CD When WRB Franklin NP Roosevelt NP took VVD office NN in IN 1933 CD , , a DT consensus NN for IN rapid JJ change NN was VBD present JJ . SENT Unemployment NN had VHD risen VVN from IN 1 CD . SENT 6 CD million CD in IN 1929 CD to TO 12 CD . SENT 8 CD million CD 25 CD percent NN of IN the DT labor NN force NN early RB in IN 1933 CD . SENT many JJ more JJR were VBD semi NN employed VVN . SENT As IN fruitless JJ job NN hunting NN went VVD on IN month NN after IN month NN , , observers NNS noted VVD desperation NN among IN family NN heads NNS now RB dragging VVG their PP$ tails NNS . SENT fear NN driving VVG them PP into IN a DT state NN of IN semi NN collapse NN , , cracking VVG nerves NNS . SENT an DT overpowering JJ fear NN of IN the DT future NN as IN they PP watched VVD their PP$ children NNS growing VVG thinner JJR and CC thinner JJR . SENT Roosevelt NP was VBD the DT president NN who WP gave VVD many JJ of IN those DT individuals NNS new JJ hope NN amid IN depression NN , , and CC a DT decade NN later RBR confidence NN during IN war NN . SENT He PP was VBD not RB a DT likely JJ choice NN as IN a DT tribune NN of IN the DT poor JJ . SENT From IN soon RB after IN his PP$ birth NN on IN January NP 30 CD , , 1882 CD , , Franklin NP Roosevelt NP traveled VVD frequently RB by IN train NN with IN his PP$ affluent JJ parents NNS . SENT Young NP Roosevelt NP rolled VVD through IN cities NNS and CC countryside NN in IN his PP$ father's JJ private JJ railroad NN car NN , , well RB supplied VVN with IN servants NNS and CC a DT chef NN so IN there EX was VBD no DT need NN even RB to TO eat VV in IN public JJ establishments NNS . SENT He PP sat VVD with IN the DT high JJ and CC mighty JJ , , not RB the DT lowly JJ . SENT On IN a DT trip NN to TO Washington NP Franklin's NP father NN took VVD him PP to TO shake VV hands NNS with IN a DT weary JJ Grover NP Cleveland NP , , who WP said VVD , , I'm NP making VVG a DT strange JJ wish NN for IN you PP , , little JJ man NN , , a DT wish NN I PP suppose VVP no DT one NN else RB would MD make VV . SENT I PP wish VVP for IN you PP that IN you PP may MD never RB be VB President NP of IN the DT United NP States NPS . SENT later RBR , , Roosevelt NP loved VVD campaigning NN for IN vice NN president NN in IN 1920 CD from IN a DT private JJ railroad NN car NN . SENT He PP was VBD free JJ to TO walk VV through IN small JJ towns NNS , , but CC he PP rarely RB did VVD so RB . SENT Instead RB , , he PP averaged VVD seven CD speeches NNS a DT day NN from IN the DT back NN of IN his PP$ railroad NN car NN , , and CC fit VV in IN local JJ references NNS sent VVN by IN his PP$ advance NN man NN , , reporter NN Steve NP Early NP . SENT Roosevelt NP often RB spoke VVD about IN what WP a DT great JJ opportunity NN he PP had VHD to TO get VV out RP of IN an DT office NN , , travel NN through IN the DT country NN , , and CC hear VV directly RB in IN voters NNS homes VVZ their PP$ hopes NNS and CC fears NNS . SENT lost VVN that IN election NN , , and CC a DT year NN later RBR came VVD down RP with IN polio NN . SENT From IN then RB on IN it PP was VBD harder RBR to TO carry VV on IN the DT ruse NN about IN easy JJ , , first JJ hand NN observation NN of IN how WRB the DT other JJ half NN lived VVD . SENT From IN then RB on IN Roosevelt NP was VBD even RB more RBR dependent JJ on IN what WP he PP could MD view VV out RP the DT windows NNS of IN his PP$ railroad NN cars NNS . SENT Nevertheless RB , , he PP still RB saw VVD himself PP as IN having VHG tight JJ personal JJ communication NN with IN his PP$ fellow JJ Americans NNS . SENT In IN 1938 CD , , while IN traveling VVG from IN Georgia NP to TO Washington NP by IN train NN and CC discussing VVG the DT criticism NN he PP faced VVD on IN Capitol NP Hill NP , , Roosevelt NP peered VVD out RP the DT window NN at IN some DT poor JJ folks NNS who WP were VBD waiting VVG for IN his PP$ train NN to TO go VV by IN . SENT He PP then RB commented VVD , , They PP understand VVP what WP we're NNS trying VVG to TO do VV . SENT Washington NP reporters NNS affectionately RB joked VVD about IN FDR's NP train NN window NN understanding NN . SENT The DT correspondents NNS treated VVD him PP favorably RB even RB when WRB their PP$ publishers NNS were VBD hostile JJ , , but CC even RB they PP snickered VVD quietly RB when WRB Roosevelt NP told VVD an DT anecdote NN detailing VVG his PP$ conversations NNS with IN mechanics NNS and CC other JJ workingmen NNS who WP dropped VVD in IN on IN him PP . SENT Associated NP Press NP veteran NN Merriman NP Smith NP later RBR wrote VVD that IN Roosevelt NP claimed VVD a DT lot NN of IN friends NNS in IN comparatively RB low JJ stations NNS of IN life NN . SENT I PP regarded VVD them PP as IN his PP$ imaginary JJ playmates NNS . SENT Roosevelt NP merged VVD lack NN of IN contact NN with IN a DT great JJ show NN of IN friendliness NN that WDT pulled VVD in IN votes NNS . SENT He PP could MD love VV one CD and CC all RB among IN the DT ordinary JJ people NNS , , some DT journalists NNS observed VVD , , because IN they PP were VBD all DT imaginary JJ playmates NNS . SENT He PP had VHD the DT brilliant JJ politician's NN ability NN to TO appear VV to TO be VB bonding VVG with IN people NNS while IN remaining VVG thoroughly RB aloof JJ . SENT Playwright NN and CC presidential JJ speechwriter NP Robert NP Sherwood NP spoke VVD of IN FDR's NP thickly RB forested VVD interior JJ . SENT Eleanor NP Roosevelt NP said VVD of IN her PP$ husband NN of IN four CD decades NNS , , He PP had VHD no DT real JJ confidantes NNS . SENT I PP don't VVD think VV I PP was VBD ever RB his PP$ confidante NN , , either RB . SENT Growing VVG Up RP with IN Confidence NP Roosevelt NP had VHD no DT confidantes NNS but CC a DT lot NN of IN confidence NN . SENT His PP$ playmates NNS were VBD imaginary JJ but CC , , from IN a DT young JJ age NN , , he PP believed VVD in IN himself PP . SENT He PP grew VVD up RP that DT way NN not RB only RB because IN of IN class NN privilege NN and CC the DT expectation NN of IN being VBG served VVN , , but CC because IN of IN his PP$ theology NN and CC his PP$ expectation NN , , similar JJ to TO Woodrow NP Wilson's NP , , that WDT he PP was VBD chosen VVN to TO perform VV great JJ services NNS to TO mankind NN . SENT Franklin NP Roosevelt NP particularly RB learned VVD to TO think VV that DT way NN during IN his PP$ college NN preparatory JJ experience NN at IN the DT Groton NP School NP in IN Massachusetts NP . SENT Nine CD of IN ten CD students NNS entered VVD Groton NP as IN members NNS of IN Social NP Register NP families NNS . SENT Many JJ of IN them PP left VVD as IN partakers NNS of IN the DT Social NP Gospel NN . SENT Endicott NP Peabody NP , , founder NN and CC headmaster NN of IN Groton NP , , was VBD a DT disciple NN of IN Charles NP Kingsley NP , , founder NN of IN the DT Christian JJ Socialist JJ movement NN in IN England NP . SENT Peabody NP in IN turn NN became VVD a DT lifelong JJ influence NN on IN Roosevelt NP and CC many JJ others NNS . SENT When WRB Roosevelt NP held VVD private JJ services NNS in IN Washington NP before IN his PP$ inauguration NN and CC on IN other JJ major JJ occasions NNS , , he PP asked VVD Rev NP . SENT Peabody NP to TO conduct VV them PP . SENT Peabody NP proclaimed VVD not RB only RB the DT social JJ gospel NN but CC social JJ universalism NN the DT belief NN that IN it PP was VBD unfair JJ for IN anyone NN to TO be VB poor JJ , , and CC that DT government's JJ task NN was VBD to TO eliminate VV this DT unfairness NN by IN siding NN with IN poorer JJR over IN richer JJR , , worker NN over IN capitalist NN . SENT The DT influence NN of IN Peabody's NP faith NN is VBZ evident JJ in IN notebooks NNS Franklin NP kept VVD at IN Groton NP on IN a DT variety NN of IN political JJ issues NNS . SENT For IN example NN , , Franklin NP proposed VVD the DT development NN of IN unions NNS backed VVN up RP by IN governmental JJ arbitration NN boards NNS as IN the DT way NN to TO resist VV unjust JJ exactions NNS by IN the DT employers NNS . SENT Unjust JJ exactions NNS by IN unions NNS did VVD not RB receive VV emphasis NN . SENT Roosevelt NP went VVD , , per IN custom NN , , from IN Groton NP to TO Harvard NP , , there RB becoming VVG editor NN in IN chief JJ of IN the DT student NN newspaper NN , , the DT Crimson JJ . SENT He PP was VBD not RB overly RB concerned VVN with IN his PP$ studies NNS and CC graduated VVD with IN a DT C NP average NN , , but CC led VVD an DT active JJ social JJ life NN . SENT Acquaintances NNS and CC distant JJ relatives NNS like IN Corinne NP Alsop NP , , one CD of IN Theodore NP Roosevelt's NP nieces NNS , , privately RB called VVD him PP the DT feather NN duster NN because IN he PP was VBD handsome JJ , , chatty JJ , , and CC apparently RB superficial JJ . SENT But CC one CD of IN his PP$ society NN girlfriends NNS , , Alice NP Sohier NP , , later RBR said VVD , , In IN a DT day NN and CC age NN when WRB well RB brought VVN up RP young JJ men NNS were VBD expected VVN to TO keep VV their PP$ hands NNS off IN the DT persons NNS of IN young JJ ladies NNS from IN respectable JJ families NNS , , Franklin NP had VHD to TO be VB slapped VVN hard RB . SENT At IN Harvard NP , , Roosevelt's NNS most RBS vivid JJ moment NN involved VVD a DT brief JJ encounter NN with IN the DT poor JJ . SENT Hurrying VVG to TO South NP Station NP in IN Boston NP for IN a DT train NN to TO New NP York NP and CC a DT social JJ weekend NN there RB , , he PP carried VVD his PP$ heavy JJ suitcase NN aboard IN a DT streetcar NN . SENT A DT wheel NN of IN the DT streetcar NN broke VVD a DT few JJ blocks NNS from IN the DT station NN , , so RB Roosevelt NP jumped VVD out RP and CC started VVD running VVG , , only RB to TO crash VV his PP$ suitcase NN into IN a DT small JJ Italian JJ boy NN . SENT The DT child's NNS mother NN leaned VVD out RP of IN a DT tenement NN window NN and CC started VVD yelling VVG , , so IN Roosevelt NP took VVD from IN his PP$ pocket NN a DT new JJ dollar NN bill NN and CC waved VVD it PP in IN front NN of IN the DT boy NN . SENT money NN , , in IN Roosevelt's NP experience NN , , always RB garnered VVD a DT respectful JJ response NN . SENT In IN this DT case NN , , however RB , , the DT boy NN proudly RB knocked VVD the DT bill NN from IN Roosevelt's NP hand NN and CC called VVD him PP a DT rich JJ bully NN . SENT When WRB a DT crowd NN began VVD to TO gather VV , , Roosevelt NP picked VVD up RP his PP$ suitcase NN , , leaving VVG the DT dollar NN in IN the DT gutter NN , , and CC tried VVD to TO walk VV away RB quietly RB . SENT But CC some DT men NNS from IN the DT crowd NN followed VVD . SENT He PP started VVD running VVG . SENT They PP chased VVD him PP . SENT Roosevelt NP thought VVD of IN throwing VVG away RP his PP$ suitcase NN , , but CC I PP had VHD my PP$ dress NN clothes NNS in IN it PP . SENT He PP leaped VVD onto IN his PP$ train NN as IN it PP was VBD pulling VVG away RB , , with IN pursuers NNS shaking VVG their PP$ fists NNS from IN the DT platform NN and CC yelling VVG . SENT Roosevelt NP later RBR told VVD this DT story NN to TO show VV that IN his PP$ life NN had VHD not RB been VBN as RB sheltered VVN as IN some DT supposed VVN , , and CC that IN he PP was VBD able JJ to TO escape VV from IN tight JJ fixes NNS . SENT Roosevelt NP graduated VVD from IN Harvard NP in IN 1904 CD and CC married VVN his PP$ even RB more JJR sheltered JJ cousin NN Eleanor NP Roosevelt NP in IN 1905 CD . SENT By IN 1914 CD they PP had VHD four CD children NNS , , but CC Eleanor NP had VHD also RB come VVN to TO believe VV , , as IN she PP later RBR told VVD her PP$ daughter NN Anna NP , , that DT sex NN was VBD an DT ordeal NN to TO be VB borne VVN . SENT Franklin NP went VVD through IN what WP he PP saw VVD as IN his PP$ own JJ ordeals NNS . SENT classes NNS at IN the DT Columbia NP University NP School NP of IN Law NP , , passing VVG the DT New NP York NP bar NN exam NN , , some DT indifferent JJ lawyering VVG which WDT contributed VVD to TO his PP$ growing VVG reputation NN as IN a DT dilettante NN . SENT Roosevelt NP came VVD alive RB occupationally RB only RB when WRB he PP entered VVD politics NNS , , using VVG his PP$ name NN to TO run VV successfully RB for IN state NN senator NN in IN 1910 CD . SENT A DT Communitarian NN Ethos NN The DT Groton NP influence NN of IN Endicott NP Peabody NP showed VVD in IN a DT speech NN Roosevelt NP gave VVD at IN the DT People's NP Forum NP in IN Troy NP , , NY NP in IN 1912 CD . SENT There RB he PP declared VVD that IN western JJ Europeans NPS and CC Americans NPS had VHD achieved VVN victory NN in IN the DT struggle NN for IN the DT liberty NN of IN the DT individual NN , , and CC that IN the DT new JJ agenda NN should MD be VB a DT struggle NN for IN the DT liberty NN of IN the DT community NN . SENT The DT wrong JJ ethos NN for IN a DT new JJ age NN was VBD , , every DT man NN does VVZ as IN he PP sees VVZ fit NN , , even RB with IN a DT due JJ regard NN to TO law NN and CC order NN . SENT The DT new JJ order NN should MD be VB , , march VV on IN with IN civilization NN in IN a DT way NN satisfactory JJ to TO the DT well RB being JJ of IN the DT great JJ majority NN of IN us PP . SENT In IN that DT speech NN Roosevelt NP outlined VVD the DT philosophical JJ base NN of IN what WP would MD eventually RB become VV the DT New NP Deal NP . SENT He PP also RB forecast VVP the DT rhetorical JJ mode NN by IN which WDT community NN could MD loom VV over IN individual JJ liberty NN . SENT If IN we PP call VVP the DT method NN regulation NN , , people NNS hold VVP up RP their PP$ hands NNS in IN horror NN and CC say VVP un NP American NP , , or CC dangerous JJ , , Roosevelt NP pointed VVD out RP . SENT But CC if IN we PP call VVP the DT same JJ identical JJ process NN co NP operation NN , , these DT same JJ old JJ fogeys NNS will MD cry VV out RP well RB done VVN . SENT . SENT . SENT . SENT cooperation NN is VBZ as RB good JJ a DT word NN for IN the DT new JJ theory NN as IN any DT other JJ . SENT The DT difficulty NN , , Roosevelt NP felt VVD , , lay VVD in IN gaining VVG enough JJ political JJ power NN to TO force VV others NNS to TO cooperate VV and CC in IN this DT regard NN Roosevelt NP decided VVD to TO go VV far RB beyond IN what WP Endicott NP Peabody NP had VHD taught VVN . SENT Leaders NNS of IN New NP York NP City's NP Democratic JJ machine NN , , Tammany NP Hall NP , , had VHD seen VVN how WRB Theodore NP Roosevelt NP boosted VVD the DT electoral JJ base NN of IN the DT state's NP Republicans NPS . SENT To TO add VV state NN power NN to TO their PP$ local JJ power NN , , they PP were VBD eager JJ for IN a DT Roosevelt NP of IN their PP$ own JJ . SENT Franklin NP , , with IN his PP$ pretty JJ face NN , , distinguished JJ name NN , , and CC patrician JJ persona NN was VBD perfect JJ for IN Tammany NP , , which WDT could MD give VV him PP votes NNS and CC muscles NNS in IN return NN if IN he PP would MD make VV a DT deal NN . SENT At IN first JJ Franklin NP would MD not RB . SENT As IN a DT new JJ state NN senator NN in IN 1911 CD he PP led VVD a DT rebellion NN against IN the DT bosses NNS . SENT Journalists NNS at IN the DT Legislative JJ Correspondents NNS Association NP annual JJ dinner NN described VVN Roosevelt's NP ambition NN in IN song NN . SENT Said VVD Franklin NP D NP . SENT There's NP got VVD to TO be VB Some DT new JJ insurgency NN , , We've NP got VVD some DT boys NNS to TO make VV a DT noise NN And CC leader NN I PP will MD be VB . SENT The DT revolt NN , , however RB , , ended VVN in IN defeat NN for IN the DT insurgents NNS , , as IN Tammany NP withdrew VVD its PP$ original JJ nominee NN for IN the DT Senate NP and CC substituted VVN one NN who WP was VBD worse JJR . SENT The DT reporters NNS song NN told VVD of IN how WRB Franklin NP D NP . SENT Can't NP compete VVP with IN Tammany NP . SENT . SENT . SENT Skies NNS are VBP clearin JJ , , keep VV on IN cheerin NN , , Tammany NP . SENT The DT newsmen NNS saw VVD Roosevelt NP insisting VVG on IN good JJ public JJ relations NNS himself PP but CC ready JJ to TO give VV up RP substance NN . SENT As IN journalists NNS predicted VVD , , Roosevelt NP soon RB made VVD his PP$ peace NN with IN corrupt JJ bosses NNS . SENT to TO have VH success NN , , I PP believe VVP in IN unity NN , , he PP said VVD . SENT Over IN the DT years NNS Roosevelt NP displayed VVD his PP$ increasing VVG ability NN to TO go VV along RP to TO get VV along RP . SENT On IN July NP 4 CD , , 1917 CD , , he PP was VBD the DT principal JJ speaker NN at IN the DT Society NP of IN St NP . SENT Tammany NN celebration NN in IN New NP York NP City NP , , even RB though IN Tammany NP was VBD working VVG against IN a DT reform NN candidate NN for IN mayor NN that IN year NN . SENT A DT newspaper NN photograph NN from IN the DT event NN shows VVZ Roosevelt NP and CC Tammany NP Hall NP head NN Charles NP Murphy NP standing NN together RB , , with IN Murphy NP still RB wearing VVG his PP$ embroidered VVN Tammany NN sash NN and CC Roosevelt NP holding VVG his PP$ rolled VVN tightly RB in IN his PP$ fists NNS . SENT On IN the DT floor NN of IN the DT 1920 CD Democratic JJ convention NN the DT two CD men NNS spent VVD much JJ time NN together RB , , signaling VVG to TO their PP$ followers NNS that IN an DT arrangement NN had VHD been VBN reached VVN . SENT By IN then RB Roosevelt NP had VHD gained VVN a DT reputation NN in IN Washington NP through IN service NN as IN assistant JJ Secretary NP of IN the DT Navy NP , , the DT same JJ post NN that IN the DT Republican NP Roosevelt NP had VHD held VVN on IN his PP$ way NN to TO the DT White NP House NP . SENT There EX was VBD a DT major JJ difference NN , , however RB . SENT Theodore NP Roosevelt NP used VVD every DT opportunity NN such JJ as IN the DT absence NN of IN his PP$ boss NN to TO push VV the DT Navy NP toward IN the DT aggressive JJ posture NN it PP would MD adopt VV once IN the DT Spanish NP American NP War NP began VVD . SENT Franklin NP Roosevelt NP charmed VVD people NNS into IN friendship NN but CC did VVD not RB take VV the DT risks NNS that WDT would MD lead VV some DT to TO dislike VV him PP but CC all RB to TO respect VV him PP . SENT Rising VVG Above IN Depression NP When WRB the DT stock NN market NN crashed VVD in IN 1929 CD and CC depression NN followed VVD , , many JJ who WP wanted VVD governmental JJ action NN thought VVD the DT right JJ man NN was VBD in IN the DT right JJ place NN . SENT Herbert NP Hoover NP was VBD in IN the DT White NP House NP . SENT Hoover NP had VHD built VVN a DT reputation NN as IN a DT great JJ engineer NN and CC a DT great JJ humanitarian JJ , , delivering VVG food NN to TO the DT European JJ poor NN trying VVG to TO survive VV in IN the DT wake NN of IN world NN war NN . SENT Early RB in IN 1920 CD Roosevelt NP was VBD pleased VVN with IN talk NN of IN a DT Democratic JJ ticket NN of IN Hoover NP for IN president NN and CC Roosevelt NP for IN vice NN president NN . SENT Soon RB afterwards RB Roosevelt NP wrote VVD to TO a DT friend NN that IN Hoover NP is VBZ certainly RB a DT wonder NN , , and CC I PP wish VVP we PP could MD make VV him PP President NP of IN the DT United NP States NPS . SENT There EX could MD not RB be VB a DT better JJR one NN . SENT At IN the DT end NN of IN the DT decade NN , , with IN such PDT a DT background NN and CC reputation NN , , Hoover NP was VBD not RB about RB to TO let VV a DT depression NN run VV its PP$ course NN as IN others NNS had VHD . SENT He PP wanted VVD to TO engineer VV rapid JJ recovery NN . SENT Hoover's NP strategies NNS were VBD traditional JJ Whig NN Republican NP . SENT First RB , , he PP encouraged VVD states NNS to TO spend VV more JJR on IN internal JJ improvements NNS and CC public JJ buildings NNS , , and CC step VV up RP the DT federal JJ building NN program NN . SENT But CC , , since IN government NN construction NN was VBD paid VVN for IN by IN taxes NNS removed VVN from IN private JJ sources NNS , , Hoover NP was VBD really RB shifting VVG resources NNS from IN one CD part NN of IN the DT economy NN to TO the DT other JJ . SENT Second RB , , he PP followed VVD the DT Whig JJ Republican JJ playbook NN by IN raising VVG tariffs NNS , , with IN the DT goal NN of IN preserving VVG domestic JJ American JJ jobs NNS . SENT Hoover NP called VVD a DT special JJ session NN of IN Congress NP in IN 1930 CD to TO promote VV protectionist NN measures NNS . SENT He PP came VVD out RP of IN it PP with IN the DT Smoot NP Hawley NP tariff NN that WDT raised VVD rates NNS on IN most JJS goods NNS from IN 31 CD percent NN to TO 49 CD percent NN , , but CC that DT approach NN backfired VVD . SENT Trade NN tanked VVN . SENT Meanwhile RB , , Roosevelt NP was VBD in IN Albany NP , , working VVG out RP of IN the DT traditional JJ Democratic JJ playbook NN with IN calls NNS for IN power NN to TO states NNS and CC less JJR power NN in IN Washington NP . SENT Roosevelt NP used VVD and CC often RB abused VVN elements NNS of IN the DT 19 CD th NN century NN Democratic JJ tradition NN . SENT He PP liked VVD to TO quote VV Andrew NP Jackson NP saying VVG , , The DT spirit NN of IN equity NN requires VVZ that IN the DT great JJ interests NNS of IN agriculture NN , , commerce NN , , and CC manufactures VVZ should MD be VB equally RB treated VVN . SENT Roosevelt NP did VVD not RB reveal VV that IN Jackson NP was VBD proposing VVG equity NN in IN the DT courtroom NN , , not RB equity NN in IN terms NNS of IN increased JJ government NN regulation NN and CC income NN redistribution NN . SENT He PP occasionally RB brought VVD in IN suggestions NNS from IN the DT new JJ playbook NN more RBR federal JJ oversight NN developed VVN out RP of IN Bryan's NP rhetoric NN and CC the DT Wilson NP administration's NN experience NN . SENT As IN the DT pleas NNS to TO do VV something NN , , anything NN , , amid IN depression NN intensified VVN , , Roosevelt's NP few JJ innovations NNS in IN public JJ policy NN more JJR state NN welfare NN did VVD not RB receive VV much JJ scrutiny NN . SENT Gaining VVG nomination NN and CC election NN in IN 1932 CD was VBD surprisingly RB easy JJ . SENT Roosevelt NP had VHD the DT name NN . SENT He PP was VBD governor NN of IN the DT largest JJS state NN . SENT He PP was VBD also RB developing VVG a DT new JJ Democratic JJ message NN . SENT Much RB of IN it PP was VBD what WP he PP had VHD broached VVN in IN 1912 CD in IN speaking VVG about IN the DT importance NN rhetorically RB of IN using VVG words NNS like IN cooperation NN rather RB than IN regulation NN . SENT When WRB Roosevelt NP spoke VVD of IN expanding VVG the DT federal JJ government NN , , his PP$ words NNS were VBD social JJ action NN for IN the DT prevention NN of IN poverty NN . SENT By IN merging VVG Bryan's NP ideas NNS of IN class NN warfare NN and CC Wilson's NP calls VVZ for IN the DT administrative JJ state NN , , he PP was VBD positioning NN the DT Democrats NPS to TO become VV more RBR Whiggish JJ than IN the DT Republicans NNS with IN federal JJ power NN , , in IN theory NN , , on IN the DT side NN of IN the DT poor JJ . SENT Roosevelt NP had VHD observed VVN much RB from IN his PP$ train NN window NN . SENT He PP saw VVD that DT Democrats NPS could MD tax VV the DT minority NN to TO give VV to TO the DT majority NN , , and CC then RB reap VV the DT electoral JJ credit NN . SENT There EX is VBZ still RB a DT myth NN that IN Roosevelt NP was VBD experimenting VVG all PDT the DT time NN , , and CC it PP is VBZ clearly RB true JJ that IN he PP did VVD try VV many JJ experimental JJ programs NNS . SENT But CC they PP were VBD pointed VVN in IN a DT particular JJ direction NN , , and CC his PP$ claims NNS that IN they PP were VBD just RB self NN evident JJ responses NNS to TO crisis NN were VBD political JJ poormouthing NN . SENT A DT consistent JJ religious JJ vision NN , , based VVN in IN the DT social JJ gospel NN of IN his PP$ youth NN , , underlay VVD his PP$ response NN to TO crisis NN . SENT Roosevelt NP spelled VVN out IN his PP$ vision NN during IN the DT 1932 CD campaign NN , , most RBS notably RB in IN an DT October NP speech NN in IN Detroit NP . SENT There EX he PP called VVN for IN government NN expansion NN and CC emphasized VVD that IN the DT ideal NN of IN social JJ justice NN of IN which WDT I PP have VHP spoken VVN an DT ideal NN that IN years NNS ago RB might MD have VH been VBN thought VVN over IN advanced JJ is VBZ now RB accepted VVN by IN the DT moral JJ leadership NN of IN all PDT the DT great JJ religious JJ groups NNS of IN the DT country NN . SENT To TO show VV that IN he PP was VBD not RB radical JJ , , Roosevelt NP proceeded VVD to TO quote VV from IN Christian JJ theological JJ liberals NNS , , citing VVG with IN particular JJ relish NN a DT complaint NN from IN the DT Federal NP Council NP of IN Churches NPS about IN how WRB the DT wealthy JJ are VBP overpaid VVN in IN sharp JJ contrast NN with IN the DT underpaid JJ masses NNS . SENT Not RB wishing VVG to TO offend VV , , Roosevelt NP also RB quoted VVD an DT American JJ rabbinical JJ comment NN . SENT We PP talk VVP of IN the DT stabilization NN of IN business NN . SENT What WP we PP need VVP is VBZ the DT stabilization NN of IN human JJ justice NN and CC happiness NN . SENT A DT leading JJ rabbi NN , , Roosevelt NP noted VVD , , called VVN for IN a DT revamping NN of IN the DT entire JJ method NN of IN approach NN to TO these DT problems NNS of IN the DT economic JJ order NN . SENT Normally RB , , however RB , , Roosevelt NP called VVD himself PP a DT Christian NP and CC a DT Democrat NP and CC implied VVN that IN those DT who WP were VBD not RB the DT latter NN also RB were VBD not RB the DT former JJ . SENT Ironically RB , , Roosevelt NP was VBD ready JJ to TO do VV away RB with IN the DT system NN of IN private JJ and CC church NN aid NN to TO the DT poor JJ that IN encouraged JJ church NN members NNS to TO follow VV in IN Christ's NP steps NNS . SENT In IN Detroit NP he PP argued VVD , , if IN we PP set VVD up RP a DT system NN of IN justice NN we PP shall MD have VH small JJ need NN for IN the DT exercise NN of IN mere JJ philanthropy NN . SENT The DT New NP Deal's NP New NP Gospel NN Since IN clothing NN himself PP in IN biblical JJ robes NNS proved VVD effective JJ during IN the DT election NN campaign NN , , Roosevelt NP returned VVD to TO Scriptural JJ themes NNS in IN his PP$ enormously RB effective JJ first JJ inaugural JJ address NN . SENT There RB he PP argued VVD that DT American JJ land NN was VBD bountiful JJ and CC great JJ productivity NN possible JJ , , but CC the DT problem NN was VBD that DT sin NN had VHD entered VVN this DT garden NN . SENT The DT lure NN of IN profit NN , , the DT stubbornness NN and CC incompetence NN of IN the DT rulers NNS of IN the DT exchange NN of IN mankind's JJ goods NNS , , the DT unscrupulous JJ money NN changers NNS who WP lived VVD by IN the DT rules NNS of IN a DT generation NN of IN self NN seekers NNS . SENT they PP had VHD brought VVN Depression NP . SENT Such JJ enemies NNS of IN the DT people NNS , , he PP insisted VVD , , have VHP no DT vision NN , , and CC when WRB there EX is VBZ no DT vision NN the DT people NNS perish VV . SENT Like IN an DT effective JJ preacher NN who WP brings VVZ down RP his PP$ congregation NN so IN he PP can MD then RB buoy VV them PP up RP , , Roosevelt NP moved VVD on IN to TO the DT good JJ news NN . SENT The DT money NN changers NNS have VHP fled VVN from IN their PP$ high JJ seats NNS in IN the DT temple NN of IN our PP$ civilization NN . SENT We PP may MD now RB restore VV that DT temple NN to TO the DT ancient JJ truths NNS . SENT The DT measure NN of IN the DT restoration NN lies VVZ in IN the DT extent NN to TO which WDT we PP apply VVP social JJ values NNS more RBR noble JJ than IN mere JJ monetary JJ profit NN . SENT Roosevelt NP explained VVD afterwards RB that IN he PP had VHD thought VVN of IN the DT line NN about IN money NN changers NNS in IN the DT temple NN while IN sitting VVG in IN a DT pew NN in IN St NP . SENT James NP Episcopal NP Church NP in IN Hyde NP Park NP . SENT But CC he PP never RB made VVD clear VV what WP temple NN he PP was VBD describing VVG . SENT Was VBD it PP the DT Bank NP of IN the DT United NP States NPS of IN Jackson's NP day NN , , a DT public JJ private JJ partnership NN . SENT Was VBD it PP the DT speculative JJ Stock NP Exchange NP . SENT Or CC was VBD it PP the DT private JJ enterprise NN system NN generally RB . SENT However RB non JJ specific NN the DT metaphor NN , , Roosevelt's NP intention NN to TO follow VV in IN Bryan NP and CC Wilson's NP footsteps NNS was VBD clear JJ . SENT He PP wanted VVD to TO increase VV federal JJ power NN so RB as RB to TO put VV people NNS to TO work VV . SENT . SENT . SENT in IN part NN by IN direct JJ recruiting NN by IN the DT Government NN itself PP , , treating VVG the DT task NN as IN we PP would MD treat VV the DT emergency NN of IN a DT war NN . SENT He PP wanted VVD to TO increase VV federal JJ power NN through IN the DT unifying JJ of IN relief NN activities NNS which WDT today RB are VBP often RB scattered JJ , , uneconomical JJ , , and CC unequal JJ . SENT He PP wanted VVD to TO increase VV federal JJ power NN through IN national JJ planning NN for IN and CC supervision NN of IN all DT forms NNS of IN transportation NN and CC communications NNS and CC other JJ utilities NNS which WDT have VHP a DT definitely RB public JJ character NN . SENT The DT era NN of IN big JJ government NN had VHD begun VVN . SENT But CC Roosevelt NP remembered VVN what WP he PP had VHD learned VVN in IN 1912 CD talk NN cooperation NN , , not RB regulation NN as IN if IN he PP had VHD a DT string NN tied VVN around IN his PP$ finger NN . SENT He PP said VVD he PP was VBD proposing VVG not RB government NN control NN but CC partnership NN . SENT Roosevelt NP also RB applied VVD his PP$ religious JJ understanding NN that IN depression NN could MD not RB be VB beaten VVN by IN bread NN alone RB . SENT He PP said VVD he PP wished VVD to TO add VV to TO the DT comfort NN and CC happiness NN of IN hundreds NNS of IN thousands NNS of IN people NNS , , yet RB the DT greatest JJS problem NN was VBD a DT loss NN of IN spiritual JJ values NNS in IN America NP . SENT The DT Civilian JJ Conservation NP Corps NP , , Public NP Works NPS Administration NP , , Civil NP Works NPS Administration NP , , and CC other JJ programs NNS were VBD designed VVN not RB merely RB to TO redistribute VV funds NNS to TO the DT poor JJ but CC to TO provide VV work NN that WDT could MD restore VV the DT spirit NN . SENT This DT difference NN was VBD more JJR than IN rhetorical JJ . SENT the DT work NN emphasis NN of IN New NP Deal NP welfare NN programs NNS was VBD different JJ than IN the DT Great NP Society NP redistributionism NN that WDT followed VVD a DT generation NN later RBR . SENT The DT US NP Conference NN of IN Mayors NNS resolved VVN that IN Americans NPS should MD never RB consent VV to TO the DT abandonment NN of IN the DT work NN principle NN . SENT . SENT . SENT . SENT The DT dole VVP , , based VVN on IN idleness NN and CC groceries NNS , , has VHZ no DT place NN in IN our PP$ American JJ scheme NN of IN society NN . SENT Roosevelt NP aide NN Harry NP Hopkins NP described VVD the DT unemployed JJ themselves PP protesting VVG against IN the DT indignity NN of IN public JJ charity NN . SENT . SENT . SENT . SENT They PP were VBD accustomed VVN to TO making VVG a DT return NN for IN their PP$ livelihood NN . SENT . SENT . SENT from IN which WDT they PP chiefly RB drew VVD their PP$ self NN respect NN . SENT After IN some DT initial JJ experimentation NN , , Roosevelt NP was VBD right JJ to TO make VV Hopkins NP Works NP Progress NP Administration NP the DT centerpiece NN of IN his PP$ relief NN efforts NNS from IN 1935 CD on RB . SENT The DT WPA NP , , called VVN by IN its PP$ critics NNS We PP Piddle VV Around IN , , was VBD the DT object NN of IN some DT sarcastic JJ stories NNS about IN digging VVG and CC filling VVG up RP holes NNS , , but CC WPA NP workers NNS did VVD produce VV by IN 1940 CD over IN half PDT a DT million CD miles NNS of IN roads NNS and CC over IN 100 CD , , 000 CD bridges NNS and CC public JJ buildings NNS , , along RB with IN 18 CD , , 000 CD miles NNS of IN storm NN and CC sanitary JJ sewers NNS , , 200 CD aviation NN landing NN fields NNS , , 200 CD million CD garments NNS for IN poor JJ individuals NNS , , and CC much RB else RB . SENT Most RBS important JJ , , a DT typical JJ recipient NN who WP had VHD been VBN unemployed JJ could MD report VV , , Now RB I PP can MD look VV my PP$ children NNS straight RB in IN the DT eyes NNS . SENT . SENT . SENT . SENT When WRB the DT kids NNS in IN the DT house NN find VV that IN you PP contribute VVP nothing NN toward IN their PP$ support NN , , very RB soon RB they PP begin VVP to TO lose VV respect NN for IN you PP . SENT It's NNS different JJ now RB . SENT I'm NP the DT bread NN winner NN of IN the DT house NN and CC everybody NN respects VVZ me PP . SENT Shifting VVG Loyalty NN From IN Private JJ to TO Govenment NN But CC spirit NN reviving VVG had VHD its PP$ complications NNS . SENT During IN the DT 1930 CD s PP contemporary JJ analysts NNS concluded VVN that IN New NP Deal NP publicists NNS were VBD in IN the DT words NNS of IN James NP McCamy NP , , a DT Bennington NP College NP professor NN deliberately RB trying VVG to TO discredit VV private JJ institutions NNS in IN order NN to TO promote VV a DT shift NN of IN loyalty NN from IN private JJ to TO public JJ authority NN and CC decision NN . SENT Families NNS and CC churches NNS had VHD cared VVN for IN most JJS orphans NNS and CC most JJS of IN the DT elderly JJ , , but CC Roosevelt NP in IN 1934 CD stated VVN that IN There EX is VBZ no DT reason NN why WRB everybody NN in IN the DT United NP States NPS should MD not RB be VB covered VVN . SENT . SENT . SENT . SENT Cradle NN to TO the DT grave NN from IN the DT cradle NN to TO the DT grave NN they PP ought MD to TO be VB in IN a DT social JJ insurance NN system NN . SENT Cradle NN to TO the DT grave JJ sovereignty NN belonged VVD only RB to TO God NP , , Theodore NP Roosevelt NP had VHD believed VVN , , but CC Franklin NP Roosevelt's NP expressed VVD goal NN in IN 1936 CD was VBD to TO eliminate VV . SENT . SENT . SENT chances NNS in IN life NN . SENT Concerning VVG the DT bad JJ old JJ days NNS he PP orated VVD , , We PP have VHP had VHD to TO take VV our PP$ chance NN about IN old JJ age NN in IN days NNS past JJ . SENT We PP have VHP had VHD to TO take VV our PP$ chances NNS with IN depressions NNS and CC boom NN times NNS . SENT We PP have VHP had VHD to TO take VV chances NNS on IN our PP$ jobs NNS . SENT We PP have VHP had VHD to TO take VV chances NNS on IN buying VVG homes NNS . SENT Now RB , , the DT possibility NN of IN failure NN could MD be VB eliminated VVN . SENT Roosevelt's NP Groton NP headmaster NN , , Endicott NP Peabody NP loved VVD such JJ talk NN , , and CC saw VVD his PP$ own JJ hand NN in IN it PP . SENT He PP wrote VVD to TO his PP$ famed JJ pupil NN in IN 1935 CD , , It PP is VBZ a DT great JJ thing NN for IN our PP$ country NN to TO have VH before IN it PP the DT leadership NN of IN a DT man NN who WP cares VVZ primarily RB for IN spiritual JJ things NNS . SENT Others NNS were VBD not RB so RB pleased VVN . SENT The DT Democratic JJ presidential JJ candidate NN in IN 1928 CD , , Al NP Smith NP , , broke VVD with IN the DT New NP Deal NP and CC attacked VVD the DT Roosevelt NP administration NN by IN saying VVG , , It PP is VBZ all DT right NN with IN me PP if IN they PP want VVP to TO disguise VV themselves PP as IN Karl NP Marx NP or CC Lenin NP or CC any DT of IN the DT rest NN of IN that DT bunch NN , , but CC I PP won't VVD stand VV for IN . SENT . SENT . SENT allowing VVG them PP to TO march VV under IN the DT banner NN of IN Jackson NP or CC Cleveland NP . SENT Jackson NP and CC Cleveland NP had VHD been VBN known VVN for IN saying VVG no RB with IN at IN times NNS dour JJ faces NNS . SENT under IN Roosevelt NP , , the DT Democratic JJ song NN became VVD , , Happy JJ days NNS are VBP here RB again RB . SENT In IN opposition NN to TO Roosevelt NP and CC in IN frustration NN about IN his PP$ success NN , , Republicans NNS became VVD what WP they PP had VHD never RB before RB been VBN , , the DT party NN of IN Constitutional JJ restraint NN . SENT Leaders NNS such JJ as IN Herbert NP Hoover NP began VVD warning VVG about IN what WP would MD happen VV if IN Washington NP appropriations NNS cut VVD into IN traditions NNS of IN civic JJ responsibility NN , , church NN generosity NN , , and CC mutual JJ self NN help NN . SENT if IN we PP start VVP appropriations NNS of IN this DT character NN we PP have VHP not RB only RB impaired VVN something NN infinitely RB valuable JJ in IN the DT life NN of IN the DT American JJ people NNS but CC have VHP struck VVN at IN the DT roots NNS of IN self NN government NN . SENT Once RB this DT has VHZ happened VVN it PP is VBZ not RB the DT cost NN of IN a DT few JJ score NN million CD but CC we PP are VBP faced VVN with IN the DT abyss NN of IN reliance NN in IN future NN upon IN Government NN charity NN in IN some DT form NN or CC another DT . SENT Most JJS Americans NNS in IN 1936 CD seemed VVD to TO care VV more JJR about IN the DT present NN than IN the DT future NN . SENT During IN his PP$ reelection NN campaign NN that IN year NN Roosevelt NP brillliantly RB alternated VVD fiery JJ class NN warfare NN speeches NNS with IN pastorals NNS . SENT The DT former JJ pitted VVN economic JJ royalists NNS against IN the DT organized JJ power NN of IN Government NP Government NP , , like IN God NP , , was VBD capitalized VVN . SENT The DT latter NN quoted VVD the DT 23 CD rd NN Psalm NN He PP makes VVZ me PP lie VVP down RB in IN green JJ pastures NNS . SENT He PP leads VVZ me PP beside IN still RB waters NNS and CC contended VVD that IN declarations NNS about IN God NP from IN 3000 CD years NNS ago RB could MD be VB replaced VVN by IN declarations NNS coming VVG from IN Washington NP now RB . SENT If IN wages NNS were VBD raised VVN , , those DT who WP work VVP in IN the DT mill NN or CC in IN the DT office NN could MD have VH a DT life NN in IN green JJ pastures NNS and CC beside RB still RB waters NNS . SENT Roosevelt NP won VVD in IN a DT landslide NN . SENT His PP$ flexible JJ method NN of IN reading VVG Scripture NP carried VVD over RP to TO his PP$ method NN of IN reading VVG the DT Constitution NP . SENT Discussing VVG the DT inaugural JJ ceremonies NNS in IN 1937 CD , , Roosevelt NP said VVD , , When WRB the DT Chief NP Justice NP read VVD me PP the DT oath NN and CC came VVD to TO the DT words NNS support VVP the DT Constitution NP of IN the DT United NP States NPS I NP felt VVD like IN saying VVG . SENT Yes UH , , but CC it's NNS the DT Constitution NP as IN I PP understand VVP it PP , , flexible JJ enough RB to TO meet VV any DT new JJ problem NN of IN democracy NN not RB the DT kind NN of IN Constitution NP your PP$ Court NN has VHZ raised VVN up RP as IN a DT barrier NN to TO progress NN and CC democracy NN . SENT Roosevelt NP worked VVD to TO get VV the DT Constitutional JJ clerics NNS out IN of IN his PP$ way NN by IN expanding VVG the DT Court NP , , but CC the DT court NN packing NN plan NN prompted VVD charges NNS of IN executive JJ arrogance NN , , with IN former JJ FDR NP speechwriter NP Raymond NP Moley NP referring VVG to TO Roosevelt's NP Messianic JJ complex NN and CC labeling VVG him PP a DT tin NN Jesus NP . SENT Roosevelt NP , , however RB , , was VBD a DT messiah NN whose WP$ mandate NN required VVD constant JJ renewal NN . SENT As IN Bryan NP had VHD broken VVN the DT stay NN at IN home NN mold NN for IN presidential JJ candidates NNS , , so RB Franklin NP Roosevelt NP broke VVD the DT 20 CD th NN century NN pattern NN of IN campaigning VVG only RB during IN campaigns NNS , , or CC in IN extraordinary JJ circumstances NNS like IN the DT League NP of IN Nations NPS debate NN . SENT He PP anticipated VVD Bill NP Clinton NP in IN campaigning VVG all PDT the DT time NN and CC always RB for IN an DT instant JJ feedback NN through IN supportive JJ public JJ opinion NN , , not RB a DT laying VVG of IN groundwork NN for IN more JJR citizen NN involvement NN . SENT This DT was VBD especially RB necessary JJ for IN Roosevelt NP because IN in IN 1937 CD the DT economy NN collapsed VVD again RB , , with IN unemployment NN in IN 1938 CD reaching VVG that IN of IN 1933 CD , , despite IN the DT continuation NN of IN programs NNS such JJ as IN the DT WPA NP and CC the DT CCC NP . SENT Some DT of IN those DT programs NNS may MD even RB have VH prolonged VVN the DT Depression NN by IN soaking VVG up RP resources NNS that WDT otherwise RB would MD have VH been VBN used VVN in IN the DT private JJ sector NN , , and CC some DT programs NNS even RB created VVD more JJR unemployment NN . SENT Acreage NN limitations NNS imposed VVN by IN the DT Agricultural NP Adjustment NN Administration NP , , for IN example NN , , forced VVN use NN of IN better JJR technology NN to TO gain VV maximum JJ efficiency NN . SENT Sharecroppers NNS and CC farm NN laborers NNS , , who WP were VBD productive JJ as RB long RB as IN acreage NN remained VVD large JJ enough RB to TO tolerate VV some DT inefficiency NN , , lost VVD jobs NNS to TO machines NNS . SENT What WP kept VVD Roosevelt NP going VVG even RB when WRB the DT economy NN dipped VVD downward RB again RB were VBD the DT political JJ alliances NNS he PP had VHD made VVN with IN urban JJ bosses NNS . SENT Jackson NP and CC Cleveland NP had VHD opposed VVN on IN principle NN taking VVG money NN from IN one CD part NN of IN the DT country NN to TO benefit VV another DT , , but CC Roosevelt NP first RB pushed VVD through IN the DT Tennessee NP Valley NP Authority NP project NN , , and CC then RB turned VVN to TO projects NNS desired VVN by IN urban JJ political JJ bosses NNS . SENT Depression NN era NN property NN tax NN revenues NNS were VBD down RB so RB city NN officials NNS had VHD less JJR money NN to TO spend VV . SENT Demands NNS from IN constituents NNS for IN jobs NNS and CC other JJ favors NNS were VBD up RP . SENT When WRB Tammany NP Hall NP in IN 1933 CD had VHD no DT choice NN economically RB but CC to TO lay VV off RP city NN employees NNS and CC reduce VV services NNS , , Republican NP Fiorello NP La NP Guardia NP was VBD elected VVN mayor NN . SENT Democratic JJ city NN machines NNS across IN the DT country NN needed VVD money NN , , and CC fast RB , , if IN they PP were VBD to TO avoid VV similarly RB unceremonious JJ boots NNS . SENT State NN governments NNS were VBD often RB unwilling JJ and CC sometimes RB unable JJ to TO send VV funds NNS . SENT Federal JJ welfare NN expenditures NNS rescued VVD the DT city NN Democratic JJ machines NNS . SENT Works NP Progress NP Administration NP and CC other JJ funds NNS had VHD to TO be VB passed VVN out RP . SENT party NN workers NNS did VVD the DT passing NN . SENT Bosses NNS who WP had VHD their PP$ photos NNS taken VVN with IN Roosevelt NP gained VVD credit NN for IN new JJ schools NNS , , hospitals NNS , , water NN and CC sewer NN systems NNS , , bridges NNS and CC roads NNS . SENT He PP had VHD started VVN out RP in IN politics NNS regarding VVG urban JJ machines NNS as IN his PP$ nemesis NN . SENT he PP became VVD their PP$ savior NN , , and CC they PP his PP$ . SENT In IN the DT 1932 CD election NN the DT twelve NN largest JJS cities NNS gave VVD Roosevelt NP 25 CD percent NN of IN his PP$ popular JJ vote NN margin NN , , but CC in IN Roosevelt's NP last JJ race NN , , in IN 1944 CD , , thos NP urban JJ party NN bosses NNS produced VVD 65 CD percent NN of IN his PP$ edge NN . SENT On IN almost RB every DT New NP Deal NP policy NN issue NN , , congressmen NNS grateful JJ for IN city NN projects NNS were VBD Roosevelt's NNS most JJS reliable JJ supporters NNS . SENT And CC what WP of IN Roosevelt's NP legacy NN . SENT Especially RB for IN a DT president NN elected VVD four CD times NNS , , that DT short JJ question NN needs VVZ more RBR than IN a DT simple JJ answer NN . SENT In IN some DT ways NNS Roosevelt's NP limitations NNS became VVD the DT nation's JJ strengths NNS . SENT Herbert NP Hoover NP , , a DT realist NN who WP had VHD observed VVN poverty NN firsthand RB , , did VVD not RB help VV matters NNS by IN pushing VVG for IN higher JJR tariffs NNS and CC some DT public JJ works NNS in IN the DT Whig JJ tradition NN , , but CC he PP went VVD no RB further RBR , , knowing VVG that DT additional JJ government NN programs NNS in IN the DT long JJ term NN were VBD likely JJ to TO hurt VV more JJR than IN they PP helped VVD . SENT Roosevelt NP , , however RB , , viewing VVG life NN from IN a DT railway NN car NN , , did VVD not RB have VH a DT ground NN in IN sense NN of IN how WRB bad JJ objectively RB things NNS were VBD , , and CC therefore RB was VBD free JJ to TO emphasize VV subjectivity NN . SENT His PP$ most RBS famous JJ soundbite NN , , the DT only JJ thing NN we PP have VHP to TO fear VV is VBZ fear VV itself PP , , arose VVD partially RB out RB of IN ignorance NN . SENT breadwinners NNS unemployed JJ for IN many JJ months NNS were VBD staring VVG at IN some DT cold JJ realities NNS , , not RB phantasms NNS . SENT Yet RB , , since IN Roosevelt NP rushed VVD in IN where WRB Hoover NP feared VVD to TO tread VV , , he PP did VVD provide VV additional JJ temporary JJ help NN that WDT preserved VVD some DT families NNS , , while IN probably RB hindering VVG the DT full JJ recovery NN of IN an DT economy NN that WDT did VVD not RB spring VV back RB until IN rising VVG war NN production NN lifted VVD all DT boats NNS . SENT Roosevelt's NP characteristic JJ impatience NN with IN detail NN also RB had VHD its PP$ immediate JJ pluses NNS but CC long JJ term NN minuses NNS . SENT Concerning VVG social JJ security NN , , he PP said VVD , , This DT system NN ought MD to TO be VB operated VVN through IN the DT post NN offices NNS . SENT Just RB simple JJ and CC natural JJ nothing NN elaborate JJ or CC alarming JJ about IN it PP . SENT But CC the DT system NN was VBD far RB more RBR complicated JJ than IN that DT , , and CC at IN the DT end NN of IN the DT century NN alarm NN bells NNS are VBP sounding VVG . SENT Theologically RB , , Roosevelt NP was VBD essentially RB neoorthodox JJ , , choosing VVG to TO believe VV without IN caring VVG much RB whether IN the DT grounds NNS for IN belief NN were VBD present JJ . SENT Politically RB , , he PP also RB was VBD willing JJ to TO believe VV in IN almost RB anything NN that WDT held VVD out RP hope NN . SENT But CC over IN time NN , , objectivity NN bit NN in IN , , for IN there EX was VBD more JJR to TO fear VV than IN fear VV itself PP . SENT Those DT who WP knew VVD that DT private JJ enterprise NN worked VVN best RBS could MD legitimately RB fear VV government NN programs NNS that WDT soaked VVD up RP otherwise RB available JJ capital NN . SENT Those DT who WP wanted VVD innovation NN could MD fear VV programs NNS that WDT froze VVD industry NN in IN old JJ patterns NNS . SENT Under IN Roosevelt NP income NN redistribution NN became VVD a DT Democratic JJ party NN staple NN . SENT The DT political JJ party NN that IN in IN Cleveland's NP day NN was VBD known VVN for IN saying VVG no DT became VVD the DT party NN of IN happy JJ days NNS are VBP here RB again RB . SENT Roosevelt's NP success NN at IN glossing VVG over RP problems NNS and CC twisting NN data NNS established VVD a DT low JJ bar NN for IN his PP$ successors NNS . SENT He PP raised VVD expectations NNS in IN exactly RB the DT manner NN that IN Jackson NP and CC Cleveland NP feared VVD . SENT the DT president NN would MD be VB the DT great JJ bellhop NN , , and CC citizens NNS could MD demand VV that IN he PP come VVP to TO their PP$ relief NN . SENT But CC as RB to TO presidential JJ faith NN and CC conduct NN , , Roosevelt NP continued VVD the DT trend NN of IN lowering VVG expectations NNS to TO half DT mast NN . SENT He PP saw VVD utility NN in IN Scripture NP but CC certainly RB wasn't NN bound VVN by IN it PP either CC in IN his PP$ private JJ life NN or CC in IN his PP$ public JJ policy NN innovations NNS . SENT And CC yet RB , , harsh JJ judgments NNS of IN Roosevelt NP should MD always RB be VB softened VVN by IN remembrance NN of IN the DT high JJ degrees NNS of IN difficulty NN in IN place NN in IN 1933 CD when WRB he PP began VVD his PP$ public JJ policy NN high NN dives VVZ . SENT When WRB a DT wallowing VVG in IN depression NN America NP was VBD sorrowing VVG early RB in IN 1933 CD , , Roosevelt's NP confidence NN , , even RB if IN it PP grew VVD out RP of IN the DT view NN from IN a DT train NN window NN , , the DT theology NN of IN a DT toothless JJ god NN , , and CC the DT ability NN to TO escape VV scandal NN , , did VVD help NN for IN a DT time NN . SENT Marvin NP Olasky NP is VBZ Senior JJ Fellow NN at IN Capital NP Research NP Center NP and CC author NN of IN The DT American JJ Leadership NN Tradition NN . SENT Moral JJ Vision NP from IN Washington NP to TO Clinton NP . SENT Free NP Press NP , , 1999 CD . SENT Reprinted VVN with IN the DT kind NN permission NN of IN the DT Capitol NP Research NP Centre NP . SENT Current JJ Issue NN Archive NP Main NP 1999 CD Musings NNS ESR's NP blog NN E NN mail NN ESR NP Search NP WWW NP Search NP this DT site NN Home NP 1996 CD 2000 CD , , Enter NP Stage NP Right NP and CC or CC its PP$ creators NNS . SENT All DT rights NNS reserved VVD . SENT